Nutrition-Génétique et Exposition aux Risques Environnementaux (NGERE), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Université de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France.
Service de Biologie-Biologie Moléculaire-Nutrition, CHRU-Nancy, Université de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France.
Nutrients. 2021 Aug 17;13(8):2818. doi: 10.3390/nu13082818.
It is well established that the maternal diet during the periconceptional period affects the progeny's health. A growing body of evidence suggests that the paternal diet also influences disease onset in offspring. For many years, sperm was considered only to contribute half of the progeny's genome. It now appears that it also plays a crucial role in health and disease in offspring's adult life. The nutritional status and environmental exposure of fathers during their childhood and/or the periconceptional period have significant transgenerational consequences. This review aims to describe the effects of various human and rodent paternal feeding patterns on progeny's metabolism and health, including fasting or intermittent fasting, low-protein and folic acid deficient food, and overnutrition in high-fat and high-sugar diets. The impact on pregnancy outcome, metabolic pathways, and chronic disease onset will be described. The biological and epigenetic mechanisms underlying the transmission from fathers to their progeny will be discussed. All these data provide evidence of the impact of paternal nutrition on progeny health which could lead to preventive diet recommendations for future fathers.
众所周知，围孕期的母体饮食会影响后代的健康。越来越多的证据表明，父体饮食也会影响后代疾病的发生。多年来，精子被认为只贡献了后代基因组的一半。现在看来，它在后代成年后的健康和疾病中也起着至关重要的作用。父亲在儿童期和/或围孕期的营养状况和环境暴露会产生重大的跨代影响。本篇综述旨在描述各种人类和啮齿动物父体喂养模式对后代代谢和健康的影响，包括禁食或间歇性禁食、低蛋白和叶酸缺乏食物以及高脂肪和高糖饮食引起的营养过剩。还将描述其对妊娠结局、代谢途径和慢性疾病发病的影响。将讨论父体到后代的生物学和表观遗传机制。所有这些数据都提供了父体营养对后代健康影响的证据，这可能会为未来的父亲们提供预防性饮食建议。
