Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
Department of Vascular Surgery, Charité-University Hospital of Berlin, D-12203 Berlin, Germany.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Aug 6;22(16):8478. doi: 10.3390/ijms22168478.
Recent evidence demonstrates an involvement of impaired mitochondrial function in peripheral arterial disease (PAD) development. Specific impairments have been assessed by different methodological in-vivo (near-infrared spectroscopy, P magnetic resonance spectroscopy), as well as in-vitro approaches (Western blotting of mitochondrial proteins and enzymes, assays of mitochondrial function and content). While effects differ with regard to disease severity, chronic malperfusion impacts subcellular energy homeostasis, and repeating cycles of ischemia and reperfusion contribute to PAD disease progression by increasing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production and impairing mitochondrial function. With the leading clinical symptom of decreased walking capacity due to intermittent claudication, PAD patients suffer from a subsequent reduction of quality of life. Different treatment modalities, such as physical activity and revascularization procedures, can aid mitochondrial recovery. While the relevance of these modalities for mitochondrial functional recovery is still a matter of debate, recent research indicates the importance of revascularization procedures, with increased physical activity levels being a subordinate contributor, at least during mild stages of PAD. With an additional focus on the role of revascularization procedures on mitochondria and the identification of suitable mitochondrial markers in PAD, this review aims to critically evaluate the relevance of mitochondrial function in PAD development and progression.
最近的证据表明，受损的线粒体功能参与了外周动脉疾病（PAD）的发展。通过不同的体内（近红外光谱、质子磁共振波谱）和体外方法（线粒体蛋白和酶的 Western 印迹、线粒体功能和含量测定）已经评估了特定的功能障碍。虽然疾病严重程度不同，但慢性灌注不良会影响细胞内能量平衡，反复的缺血再灌注循环会通过增加线粒体活性氧的产生和损害线粒体功能来促进 PAD 疾病的进展。由于间歇性跛行导致行走能力下降是 PAD 的主要临床症状，因此 PAD 患者的生活质量会随之下降。不同的治疗方法，如体育活动和血管重建术，可以帮助线粒体恢复。虽然这些方法对线粒体功能恢复的相关性仍存在争议，但最近的研究表明血管重建术的重要性，至少在 PAD 的轻度阶段，增加体育活动水平只是次要贡献者。本综述除了关注血管重建术对线粒体的作用以及在外周动脉疾病中鉴定合适的线粒体标志物外，旨在批判性地评估线粒体功能在外周动脉疾病发展和进展中的相关性。
