Andjus Sara, Morillon Antonin, Wery Maxime
ncRNA, Epigenetic and Genome Fluidity, Institut Curie, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR3244, 26 Rue d'Ulm, CEDEX 05, F-75248 Paris, France.
ncRNA, Epigenetic and Genome Fluidity, Institut Curie, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR3244, 26 Rue d'Ulm, CEDEX 05, F-75248 Paris, France.
Noncoding RNA. 2021 Jul 27;7(3):44. doi: 10.3390/ncrna7030044.
The Nonsense-Mediated mRNA Decay (NMD) has been classically viewed as a translation-dependent RNA surveillance pathway degrading aberrant mRNAs containing premature stop codons. However, it is now clear that mRNA quality control represents only one face of the multiple functions of NMD. Indeed, NMD also regulates the physiological expression of normal mRNAs, and more surprisingly, of long non-coding (lnc)RNAs. Here, we review the different mechanisms of NMD activation in yeast and mammals, and we discuss the molecular bases of the NMD sensitivity of lncRNAs, considering the functional roles of NMD and of translation in the metabolism of these transcripts. In this regard, we describe several examples of functional micropeptides produced from lncRNAs. We propose that translation and NMD provide potent means to regulate the expression of lncRNAs, which might be critical for the cell to respond to environmental changes.
无义介导的mRNA衰变（NMD）传统上被视为一种依赖翻译的RNA监测途径，可降解含有提前终止密码子的异常mRNA。然而，现在很清楚的是，mRNA质量控制只是NMD多种功能的一个方面。事实上，NMD还调节正常mRNA的生理表达，更令人惊讶的是，还调节长链非编码（lnc）RNA的表达。在这里，我们综述了酵母和哺乳动物中NMD激活的不同机制，并讨论了lncRNA对NMD敏感性的分子基础，同时考虑了NMD和翻译在这些转录本代谢中的功能作用。在这方面，我们描述了几个由lncRNA产生的功能性微肽的例子。我们提出，翻译和NMD提供了调节lncRNA表达的有效手段，这可能对细胞应对环境变化至关重要。
