Varlas Spyridon, Maitland Georgia L, Derry Matthew J
Department of Chemistry, University College London, London WC1H 0AJ, UK.
Aston Institute of Materials Research, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK.
Polymers (Basel). 2021 Aug 5;13(16):2603. doi: 10.3390/polym13162603.
Proteins and peptides, built from precisely defined amino acid sequences, are an important class of biomolecules that play a vital role in most biological functions. Preparation of nanostructures through functionalization of natural, hydrophilic proteins/peptides with synthetic polymers or upon self-assembly of all-synthetic amphiphilic copolypept(o)ides and amino acid-containing polymers enables access to novel protein-mimicking biomaterials with superior physicochemical properties and immense biorelevant scope. In recent years, polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) has been established as an efficient and versatile alternative method to existing self-assembly procedures for the reproducible development of block copolymer nano-objects in situ at high concentrations and, thus, provides an ideal platform for engineering protein-inspired nanomaterials. In this review article, the different strategies employed for direct construction of protein-, (poly)peptide-, and amino acid-based nanostructures via PISA are described with particular focus on the characteristics of the developed block copolymer assemblies, as well as their utilization in various pharmaceutical and biomedical applications.
由精确确定的氨基酸序列构建而成的蛋白质和肽是一类重要的生物分子，在大多数生物学功能中发挥着至关重要的作用。通过用合成聚合物对天然亲水性蛋白质/肽进行功能化，或通过全合成两亲性共聚肽（酯）和含氨基酸聚合物的自组装来制备纳米结构，能够获得具有优异物理化学性质和巨大生物相关性的新型蛋白质模拟生物材料。近年来，聚合诱导自组装（PISA）已成为一种高效且通用的替代方法，可替代现有的自组装程序，用于在高浓度下原位可重复地开发嵌段共聚物纳米物体，因此为设计受蛋白质启发的纳米材料提供了理想平台。在这篇综述文章中，描述了通过PISA直接构建基于蛋白质、（聚）肽和氨基酸的纳米结构所采用的不同策略，特别关注所开发的嵌段共聚物组装体的特性，以及它们在各种药物和生物医学应用中的利用情况。
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