Sriwichai Sasiprapa, Monkham Tidarat, Sanitchon Jirawat, Jogloy Sanun, Chankaew Sompong
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Aug 23;10(8):1746. doi: 10.3390/plants10081746.
Winged beans ( (L.) DC.) are grown as a vegetable legume crop in Thailand. All parts of the plant, including pods, seeds, leaves, flowers, and tubers are edible and are rich in protein and nutrients. Although the major consumption of winged bean is based on pod and tuber yields, only the people of Myanmar and Indonesia utilize winged bean tubers as food materials. The usefulness of the winged bean as an alternative crop for staple food and feed can shed some light on the impact of winged bean. Therefore, the evaluation of the dual purpose of the winged bean based on pod tuber yields is the objective of this study. In this study, ten-winged bean accessions-six accessions obtained from introduced sources and four accessions obtained from local Thai varieties-were laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at the Agronomy Field Crop Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand from September 2019 to April 2020 and from October 2020 to April 2021. Data, including total pod weight, number of pods, pod length, 10-pod weight, and tuber weight were recorded, and the proximate nutrient and mineral contents in the tubers were also determined. The results revealed that the principal effects of year (Y) and genotype (G) were significant for total pod weight and the number of pods. Moreover, the Y × G interactions were principal effects upon the total pod weights and tuber weights. The results indicated that superior genotype and appropriate environmental conditions are key elements in successful winged bean production for both pod and tuber yields. The winged bean accessions W099 and W018 were consistent in both experimental years for pod and tuber yields at 23.6 and 18.36 T/ha and 15.20 and 15.5 T/ha, respectively. Each accession also proved high in tuber protein content at 20.92% and 21.04%, respectively, as well as significant in fiber, energy, and minerals. The results suggest that the winged bean accessions W099 and W018 can be used for dual-purpose winged bean production in Thailand.
四棱豆（(L.) DC.）在泰国作为一种蔬菜豆类作物种植。该植物的所有部分，包括豆荚、种子、叶子、花朵和块茎都可食用，且富含蛋白质和营养成分。尽管四棱豆的主要消费基于豆荚和块茎产量，但只有缅甸和印度尼西亚的人们将四棱豆块茎用作食物原料。四棱豆作为主食和饲料替代作物的用途可以揭示其影响。因此，基于豆荚和块茎产量评估四棱豆的双重用途是本研究的目的。在本研究中，从引进来源获得的6份四棱豆种质和从泰国当地品种获得的4份四棱豆种质，于2019年9月至2020年4月以及2020年10月至2021年4月在泰国孔敬孔敬大学农业学院农艺大田作物站采用随机完全区组设计（RCBD）进行种植，重复3次。记录了包括总豆荚重量、豆荚数量、豆荚长度、10个豆荚重量和块茎重量的数据，并测定了块茎中的近似营养成分和矿物质含量。结果表明，年份（Y）和基因型（G）对总豆荚重量和豆荚数量的主效应显著。此外，Y×G互作对总豆荚重量和块茎重量有主效应。结果表明，优良基因型和适宜的环境条件是四棱豆豆荚和块茎产量成功生产的关键因素。四棱豆种质W099和W018在两个试验年份的豆荚和块茎产量分别为23.6和18.36吨/公顷以及15.20和15.5吨/公顷，表现一致。每个种质的块茎蛋白质含量也分别高达20.92%和21.04%，在纤维、能量和矿物质方面也很显著。结果表明，四棱豆种质W099和W018可用于泰国的四棱豆两用生产。
