Yu Eun-Mi, Linville Laura, Rosenthal Matthew, Aragon-Ching Jeanny B
GU Medical Oncology, Inova Schar Cancer Institute, Fairfax, VA 22031, USA.
Department of Internal Medicine, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Aug 18;9(8):919. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9080919.
The use of checkpoint inhibitors in advanced and metastatic renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) has rapidly evolved over the past several years. While immune-oncology (IO) drug therapy has been successful at resulting in improved responses and survival, combination therapies with immune checkpoint inhibitors and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors have further improved outcomes. This article reviews the landmark trials that have led to the approval of IO therapies, including the Checkmate 214 trial and combination IO/VEGF TKI therapies with Checkmate 9ER, CLEAR, and Keynote-426, and it includes a discussion on promising therapies moving in the future.
在过去几年中，检查点抑制剂在晚期和转移性肾细胞癌（RCC）中的应用迅速发展。虽然免疫肿瘤学（IO）药物治疗已成功改善了反应率和生存率，但免疫检查点抑制剂与血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）抑制剂的联合治疗进一步改善了治疗效果。本文回顾了促成IO疗法获批的里程碑式试验，包括Checkmate 214试验以及Checkmate 9ER、CLEAR和Keynote-426等IO/VEGF酪氨酸激酶抑制剂联合疗法，并讨论了未来有前景的治疗方法。
