Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy.
Tissue Cell. 2021 Dec;73:101630. doi: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101630. Epub 2021 Aug 20.
During pregnancy, both the maternal endometrium and the blastocyst have highly glycosylated proteins with glycosylations controlled in a specific manner. Carbohydrates play a fundamental role in cell-cell and cell-matrix recognition and are involved in defining the structure and integrity of tissues. The uterus' secretions, which are rich in glycoproteins and glycogen and the presence of a functional glycocalyx on the uterine epithelium, establish a favourable milieu, which is essential for the correct implantation and subsequent development of the blastocyst. Likewise, carbohydrate residues such as fucose and sialic acid present at the placental level are determinant in creating an immuno-environment, which supports the mother's tolerance towards the fetal antigens. In this review, we explore the literature concerning the role of important glycan-epitopes at the feto-maternal interface in the human species. Moreover, we also show some unpublished interesting results on changes of glycan residues in human placenta tissues from the first trimester of pregnancy.
在妊娠期间，母体子宫内膜和胚泡都具有高度糖基化的蛋白质，其糖基化以特定的方式进行控制。碳水化合物在细胞-细胞和细胞-基质识别中起着基础性作用，并参与组织结构和完整性的定义。富含糖蛋白和糖原的子宫分泌物以及子宫上皮层上功能性糖萼的存在，为胚泡的正确植入和随后的发育创造了有利的环境。同样，胎盘水平上存在的碳水化合物残基，如岩藻糖和唾液酸，对于形成支持母体对胎儿抗原耐受的免疫环境也是决定性的。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了人类种系中在胎-母界面上重要糖基表位的作用的文献。此外，我们还展示了一些关于人类胎盘组织中糖链残基在妊娠早期变化的未发表的有趣结果。
