Clinical Center of Diabetes, Nutrition, and Metabolic Diseases, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, CJ, Romania.
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021 Aug 21;2021:8671713. doi: 10.1155/2021/8671713. eCollection 2021.
The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic represents an ongoing healthcare emergency responsible for more than 3.4 million deaths worldwide. COVID-19 is the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus that targets not only the lungs but also the cardiovascular system. COVID-19 can manifest with a wide range of clinical manifestations, from mild symptoms to severe forms of the disease, characterized by respiratory failure due to severe alveolar damage. Several studies investigated the underlying mechanisms of the severe lung damage associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and revealed that the respiratory failure associated with COVID-19 is the consequence not only of acute respiratory distress syndrome but also of macro- and microvascular involvement. New observations show that COVID-19 is an endothelial disease, and the consequent endotheliopathy is responsible for inflammation, cytokine storm, oxidative stress, and coagulopathy. In this review, we show the central role of endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and oxidative stress in the COVID-19 pathogenesis and present the therapeutic targets deriving from this endotheliopathy.
COVID-19 大流行的爆发代表了一场持续的医疗保健紧急事件，在全球范围内造成超过 340 万人死亡。COVID-19 是由 SARS-CoV-2 引起的疾病，该病毒不仅针对肺部，还针对心血管系统。COVID-19 可表现出多种临床表现，从轻症到重症，其特征是由于严重的肺泡损伤而导致呼吸衰竭。几项研究调查了与 SARS-CoV-2 感染相关的严重肺部损伤的潜在机制，并揭示了与 COVID-19 相关的呼吸衰竭不仅是急性呼吸窘迫综合征的结果，也是大血管和微血管受累的结果。新的观察结果表明，COVID-19 是一种血管内皮疾病，由此产生的血管内皮功能障碍是炎症、细胞因子风暴、氧化应激和凝血功能障碍的原因。在这篇综述中，我们展示了内皮功能障碍、炎症和氧化应激在 COVID-19 发病机制中的核心作用，并介绍了由此产生的血管内皮病变的治疗靶点。
