Gil Maritza, Uribe Diego, Gallego Vanessa, Bedoya Carolina, Arango-Varela Sandra
Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias (Medellín-Antioquia Colombia), Colombia.
Grupo de investigación de Química Básica, Aplicada y Ambiente, ALQUIMIA, Colombia.
Heliyon. 2021 Aug 9;7(8):e07738. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07738. eCollection 2021 Aug.
Noncommunicable diseases, the leading cause of mortality around the world, are responsible for approximately 75% of premature adult deaths (ages 30-69). To tackle this issue, a healthy diet based on functional foods, including cocoa and its derivatives, has been increasingly promoted. The polyphenols present in cocoa have been of interest due to their antioxidant potential and their possible protective role in the context of noncommunicable diseases, such as diabetes and cardiovascular conditions. However, during cocoa postharvest and industrialization, the concentration of these bioactive compounds is reduced, possibly affecting their health-promoting properties. Therefore, this paper reviews in the literature in this field to find the total polyphenol content in cocoa during the postharvest and industrialization processes in order to define concentration ranges as a reference point for future research. In addition, it discusses and studies into the biological antioxidant potential of cocoa and its derivatives. This review covers publications in indexed databases from 2010 to 2020, their data were processed and presented here using box plots. As a result, we identified the concentration ranges of polyphenols depending on the type of matrix, treatment and country, as well as their relationship with the main bioactive compounds present in cocoa that are associated with their possible antioxidant biological potential and health-related benefits.
非传染性疾病是全球主要死因，约占成年人（30 - 69岁）过早死亡的75%。为解决这一问题，基于功能性食品（包括可可及其衍生物）的健康饮食得到了越来越多的推广。可可中含有的多酚因其抗氧化潜力以及在糖尿病和心血管疾病等非传染性疾病背景下可能的保护作用而备受关注。然而，在可可收获后和工业化过程中，这些生物活性化合物的浓度会降低，可能会影响它们的健康促进特性。因此，本文回顾了该领域的文献，以找出可可在收获后和工业化过程中的总多酚含量，从而确定浓度范围，作为未来研究的参考点。此外，还讨论并研究了可可及其衍生物的生物抗氧化潜力。本综述涵盖了2010年至2020年索引数据库中的出版物，其数据在此处使用箱线图进行处理和展示。结果，我们确定了多酚的浓度范围，具体取决于基质类型、处理方式和国家，以及它们与可可中主要生物活性化合物的关系，这些生物活性化合物与它们可能的抗氧化生物潜力和健康相关益处有关。
