Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.
Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Ecological Restoration, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Oct;28(38):52724-52743. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-16148-8. Epub 2021 Aug 30.
In this review, we explore the concept, approach, and future research of hydrological connectivity and its assessment at multiscales, because according to the literature, an integrated review upon hydrological connectivity is lack. Systematic studies illustrate the effects of (i) human activities (i.e., dam construction, groundwater extraction, water flow regulation and diversion, and land management) and (ii) natural factors (i.e., climate, soil characteristics, vegetation, and topography) on hydrological connectivity. Approaches (i.e., soil water content patterns, runoff patterns and processes, numerical models, and index of hydrological connectivity) applied to evaluate hydrological connectivity are examined in detail. Lastly, hydrological connectivity at multiscales is indicated. This review concludes with a discussion of potential research trends that can improve understanding of hydrological connectivity. Reported records showed that few studies were published on hydrological connectivity from 1980 to 2003, whereas the evolution of these studies is temporally promising since 2003. We cannot define a standard concept of hydrological connectivity that works in all environments. We desire to show different concepts of hydrological connectivity in different environments. The degree and nature of hydrological connectivity are not static due to the influences of human activities and changes of natural factors. The index of hydrological connectivity and numerical models are the most significant approaches to assess the changes in hydrological connectivity. This study showed that considering hydrological connectivity in social-economical-ecological-hydrological frameworks can prevent its negative effects on surface or subsurface water quantity and quality and is beneficial for sound water sources management.
在这篇综述中，我们探讨了水文连通性的概念、方法和多尺度评估的未来研究，因为根据文献，缺乏对水文连通性的综合综述。系统研究说明了（i）人类活动（即水坝建设、地下水抽取、水流调节和转移以及土地管理）和（ii）自然因素（即气候、土壤特性、植被和地形）对水文连通性的影响。详细检查了应用于评估水文连通性的方法（即土壤水分含量模式、径流模式和过程、数值模型和水文连通性指数）。最后，指出了多尺度的水文连通性。本综述最后讨论了潜在的研究趋势，这些趋势可以提高对水文连通性的理解。报告记录显示，1980 年至 2003 年期间发表的关于水文连通性的研究很少，而自 2003 年以来，这些研究的发展具有时间上的潜力。我们不能定义一个适用于所有环境的水文连通性标准概念。我们希望在不同的环境中展示不同的水文连通性概念。由于人类活动的影响和自然因素的变化，水文连通性的程度和性质不是静态的。水文连通性指数和数值模型是评估水文连通性变化的最重要方法。本研究表明，在社会经济生态水文框架中考虑水文连通性，可以防止其对地表水或地下水数量和质量产生负面影响，有利于合理的水源管理。
