School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Environ Health Perspect. 2021 Aug;129(8):87007. doi: 10.1289/EHP8793. Epub 2021 Aug 30.
High surrounding greenness has many health benefits and might contribute to slower biological aging. However, very few studies have evaluated this from the perspective of epigenetics.
We aimed to evaluate the association between surrounding greenness and biological aging based on DNA methylation.
We derived Horvath's DNA methylation age (DNAmAge), Hannum's DNAmAge, PhenoAge, and GrimAge based on DNA methylation measured in peripheral blood samples from 479 Australian women in 130 families. Measures of DNAmAge acceleration (DNAmAgeAC) were derived from the residuals after regressing each DNAmAge metric on chronological age. Greenness was represented by satellite-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) metrics within 300-, 500-, 1,000-, and buffers surrounding participant addresses. Greenness-DNAmAgeAC associations were estimated using a within-sibship design fitted by linear mixed effect models, adjusting for familial clustering and important covariates.
Greenness metrics were associated with significantly lower DNAmAgeAC based on GrimAge acceleration, suggesting slower biological aging with higher greenness based on both NDVI and EVI in buffer areas. For example, each interquartile range increase in NDVI within was associated with a 0.59 (95% CI: 0.18, 1.01)-year decrease in GrimAge acceleration. Greenness was also inversely associated with three of the eight components of GrimAge, specifically, DNA methylation-based surrogates of serum cystatin-C, serum growth differentiation factor 15, and smoking pack years. Associations between greenness and biological aging measured by Horvath's and Hannum's DNAmAgeAC were less consistent, and depended on neighborhood socioeconomic status. No significant associations were estimated for PhenoAge acceleration.
Higher surrounding greenness was associated with slower biological aging, as indicated by GrimAge age acceleration, in Australian women. Associations were also evident for three individual components of GrimAge, but were inconsistent for other measures of biological aging. Additional studies are needed to confirm our results. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP8793.
高周边绿化有许多健康益处，可能有助于减缓生物衰老。然而，很少有研究从表观遗传学的角度来评估这一点。
我们旨在评估基于 DNA 甲基化的周围绿化与生物衰老之间的关联。
我们从 130 个家庭的 479 名澳大利亚女性的外周血样本中测量了 Horvath 的 DNA 甲基化年龄（DNAmAge）、Hannum 的 DNAmAge、PhenoAge 和 GrimAge。从每个 DNAmAge 指标回归到实际年龄后的残差中得出了 DNAmAge 加速（DNAmAgeAC）的度量。使用卫星衍生的归一化差异植被指数（NDVI）和增强型植被指数（EVI）指标来表示参与者地址周围 300m、500m、1000m 和 缓冲区中的绿化情况。使用线性混合效应模型通过兄弟姐妹内设计来估计绿化-DNAmAgeAC 之间的关联，调整了家族聚类和重要协变量的影响。
绿化指标与基于 GrimAge 加速的 DNAmAgeAC 显著降低相关，这表明基于 NDVI 和 EVI 的缓冲区中绿化程度越高，生物衰老越慢。例如，NDVI 每增加一个四分位距，GrimAge 加速就会降低 0.59 年（95%CI：0.18，1.01）。绿化与 GrimAge 的八个组成部分中的三个也呈负相关，具体来说，基于血清胱抑素 C、血清生长分化因子 15 和吸烟包年的 DNA 甲基化替代物。Horvath 和 Hannum 的 DNAmAgeAC 测量的绿化与生物衰老之间的关联不太一致，并且取决于邻里社会经济地位。未估计到 PhenoAge 加速的显著关联。
澳大利亚女性周围的绿化程度较高与生物衰老的速度较慢有关，这表明 GrimAge 年龄加速。GrimAge 的三个组成部分也存在关联，但其他生物衰老的衡量标准不一致。需要进一步的研究来证实我们的结果。https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP8793.
