HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Universitaire Paris Centre, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin, Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Paris, France; Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
Curr Opin Virol. 2021 Oct;50:139-146. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2021.08.006. Epub 2021 Aug 20.
SARS-CoV-2 virions are composed of structural proteins, but during virus infection, an additional 30 proteins could be expressed according to putative open reading frames (ORFs) of the viral genome. Some of these additional proteins modulate cellular processes through direct interactions, their truncations can affect disease pathogenesis and they can also serve as antigenic targets for more specific serology. In addition to structural proteins, the ORF1a/b polyprotein and accessory proteins can stimulate antibody responses during infection. Antibodies that target non-structural proteins can impact viral infection, through Fc mediated effector functions, through interactions during virus entry, fusion, replication and egress within infected cells. Characterization of the serological responses to additional proteins, provides a snapshot of the 'antibody landscape', which includes the antibody magnitude, antigenic specificity and informs the biological relevance of SARS-CoV-2 proteins.
SARS-CoV-2 病毒粒子由结构蛋白组成，但在病毒感染过程中，根据病毒基因组的推定开放阅读框（ORF），可能会表达另外 30 种蛋白。这些额外的蛋白中的一些通过直接相互作用来调节细胞过程，其截短会影响疾病发病机制，也可以作为更具特异性的血清学的抗原靶标。除了结构蛋白外，ORF1a/b 多蛋白和辅助蛋白可以在感染过程中刺激抗体反应。针对非结构蛋白的抗体可以通过 Fc 介导的效应功能，通过病毒进入、融合、复制和在感染细胞中释放过程中的相互作用，影响病毒感染。对额外蛋白的血清学反应的特征分析，提供了“抗体全景”的快照，其中包括抗体的幅度、抗原特异性，并为 SARS-CoV-2 蛋白的生物学相关性提供信息。
