Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Acta Paediatr. 2021 Dec;110(12):3349-3355. doi: 10.1111/apa.16089. Epub 2021 Sep 12.
The aim of this study was to present prevalence data for overweight and obesity across school age in a large, recent, population-based cohort of children in Gothenburg, Sweden.
We included 66,807 children (48.5% girls) aged 5-18.9 years who had their height and weight measured in school health care 2015-2018. The BMI values were categorised according to the age-dependent cut-offs for overweight and obesity from the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF).
Overall, the prevalence of overweight and obesity for girls and boys was 18.1% and 18.0%, respectively. We observed increasing proportions of overweight (girls 11.5-17.1% and boys 8.4-17.4%) and obesity (girls 3.0-4.2% and boys 2.7-6.1%) with increasing age (p < 0.001 for trend in both sexes). Moreover, girls had higher prevalence of overweight during ages 5.0 to 8.9 years compared with boys (p < 0.001), while boys had higher prevalence of obesity 15.0-18.9 years compared with girls (p < 0.001).
In conclusion, we demonstrate increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity across the entire school age range, as well as differences in prevalences between boys and girls, in a population-based sample of 67,000 children in Gothenburg city, Sweden. Continuous monitoring of schoolchildren, together with effective preventive measures, is crucial to curb the obesity epidemic and its consequences.
本研究旨在呈现超重和肥胖在瑞典哥德堡一个大型、近期、基于人群的儿童队列中的流行数据。
我们纳入了 66807 名（48.5%为女孩）年龄在 5-18.9 岁的儿童，他们在 2015-2018 年期间在学校保健中心测量了身高和体重。BMI 值根据国际肥胖工作组（IOTF）的年龄依赖性超重和肥胖截断值进行分类。
总体而言，女孩和男孩的超重和肥胖患病率分别为 18.1%和 18.0%。我们观察到超重的比例（女孩 11.5-17.1%，男孩 8.4-17.4%）和肥胖的比例（女孩 3.0-4.2%，男孩 2.7-6.1%）随着年龄的增加而增加（p<0.001，男女均如此）。此外，女孩在 5.0-8.9 岁期间超重的患病率高于男孩（p<0.001），而男孩在 15.0-18.9 岁期间肥胖的患病率高于女孩（p<0.001）。
总之，我们在瑞典哥德堡的一个基于人群的 67000 名儿童样本中证明了超重和肥胖的患病率在整个学龄期都在增加，并且男孩和女孩之间的患病率存在差异。对学童进行持续监测，并采取有效的预防措施，对于遏制肥胖流行及其后果至关重要。
