Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.
Pest Manag Sci. 2022 Jan;78(1):205-216. doi: 10.1002/ps.6620. Epub 2021 Sep 30.
Heat can be effective for bed bug elimination. However, in some cases bed bugs survive heat treatments. The objectives of this study were to determine the behavioral responses of bed bugs to rising harborage temperatures (23.0-49.0 °C) and identify which heat shock protein (HSP) genes are expressed after heat exposure. First, a custom-made copper arena and harborage were used to determine the escape behaviors of six bed bug populations. Next, HSP gene expression responses of select populations were determined after heat exposure using real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).
Analysis of the 25 min behavioral experiment data found that harborage top temperatures associated with 25%, 50% and 75% probabilities of bed bugs to flee the harborage did not differ significantly between populations. Also, the percentage of insects that escaped from heated areas and survived (4.0-12.0%) was not different between populations. However, when specific temperatures at which successful escapes occurred were statistically compared, the Poultry House population was found to flee the harborage at statistically higher temperatures (43.6 ± 0.5 °C) than others (40.5 ± 0.6-42.0 ± 0.7 °C). The RT-qPCR experiments revealed that the HSP70.1, HSP70.3, and Putative Small HSP genes were significantly up-regulated 15 min, 2, and 4 h post-heat exposure and decreased back to baseline levels by 24 h.
This study shows that when harborage top temperatures approach 40.0-43.0 °C, bed bugs will disperse in search for cooler areas. This work implicates the HSP70.1, HSP70.3, and Putative Small HSP genes in heat induced stress recovery of bed bugs. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
热可以有效地消灭臭虫。然而，在某些情况下，臭虫可以在热处理后存活下来。本研究的目的是确定臭虫对上升的栖息地温度（23.0-49.0°C）的行为反应，并确定在热暴露后哪些热休克蛋白（HSP）基因表达。首先，使用定制的铜竞技场和栖息地来确定六个臭虫种群的逃避行为。接下来，使用实时定量聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR）确定选择种群暴露于热后的 HSP 基因表达反应。
对 25 分钟行为实验数据的分析发现，栖息地顶部温度与臭虫逃离栖息地的 25%、50%和 75%的概率之间没有显著差异。此外，从加热区域逃脱并存活下来的昆虫比例（4.0-12.0%）在种群之间没有差异。然而，当对成功逃脱发生的特定温度进行统计学比较时，发现家禽舍种群在统计学上以更高的温度（43.6±0.5°C）逃离栖息地，而其他种群为 40.5±0.6-42.0±0.7°C。RT-qPCR 实验表明，HSP70.1、HSP70.3 和推定的小 HSP 基因在热暴露后 15 分钟、2 小时和 4 小时显著上调，并在 24 小时内恢复到基线水平。
本研究表明，当栖息地顶部温度接近 40.0-43.0°C 时，臭虫会分散寻找更凉爽的区域。这项工作表明 HSP70.1、HSP70.3 和推定的小 HSP 基因参与了臭虫热诱导应激恢复。© 2021 化学工业协会。
