Biological Interfaces and Sensor Systems Laboratory, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Biotechnol J. 2021 Dec;16(12):e2100231. doi: 10.1002/biot.202100231. Epub 2021 Sep 17.
For the past decades, several bioadhesives have been developed to replace conventional wound closure medical tools such as sutures, staples, and clips. The bioadhesives are easy to use and can minimize tissue damage. They are designed to provide strong adhesion with stable mechanical support on tissue surfaces. However, this monofunctionality of the bioadhesives hinders their practical applications. In particular, a bioadhesive can lose its intended function under harsh tissue environments or delay tissue regeneration during wound healing. Based on several natural and synthetic biomaterials, functional bioadhesives have been developed to overcome the aforementioned limitations. The functional bioadhesives are designed to have specific characteristics such as antimicrobial, cell infiltrative, stimuli-responsive, electrically conductive, and self-healing to ensure stability under harsh tissue conditions, facilitate tissue regeneration, and effectively monitor biosignals. Herein, we thoroughly review the functional bioadhesives from their fundamental background to recent progress with their practical applications for the enhancement of tissue healing and effective biosignal sensing. Furthermore, the future perspectives on the applications of functional bioadhesives and current challenges in their commercialization are also discussed.
在过去的几十年中，已经开发出了几种生物粘合剂来替代传统的伤口闭合医用工具，如缝线、订书钉和夹子。生物粘合剂易于使用，可以最大程度地减少组织损伤。它们旨在在组织表面提供强大的附着力和稳定的机械支撑。然而，生物粘合剂的这种单一功能阻碍了它们的实际应用。特别是，生物粘合剂在恶劣的组织环境下可能会失去其预期的功能，或者在伤口愈合过程中延迟组织再生。基于几种天然和合成生物材料，已经开发出了具有特定功能的生物粘合剂，以克服上述限制。功能性生物粘合剂旨在具有特定特性，例如抗菌、细胞浸润性、刺激响应性、导电性和自修复性，以确保在恶劣的组织条件下的稳定性，促进组织再生，并有效地监测生物信号。本文从基本背景到最新进展，全面综述了功能性生物粘合剂在增强组织愈合和有效生物信号传感方面的实际应用。此外，还讨论了功能性生物粘合剂的应用的未来展望以及其商业化所面临的当前挑战。
