Universidade do Porto/Conselho Federal de Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Porto, Portugal.
Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil; Centro de Pesquisas em Saúde Reprodutiva de Campinas (CEMICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
J Pediatr (Rio J). 2022 May-Jun;98(3):310-315. doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2021.07.001. Epub 2021 Aug 29.
Sexual violence is a problem that affects children and adolescents regardless of social class, age, origin, religion, education level, marital status, race, or sexual orientation. This study aimed to analyze the associations between victim-offender relationships and the victim's age in cases of sexual violence involving female victims.
This cross-sectional, retrospective observational study used data from the Brazilian Ministry of Health's Department of Public Health Surveillance in Brasília regarding the reportable crime of rape as informed by female victims in the Federal District between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2018. The age of the victim was classified as <15 years or 15-19 years. The offenders were classified into eight different categories according to their relationship with the victim: father, stepfather, brother, husband, boyfriend, friend, stranger, and others. The association between the victim-offender relationship and the victim's age was assessed.
Overall, there were 4,617 reported cases of sexual violence, with 78.3% of these (n = 3614) corresponding to children under 15 and 21.7% to adolescents 15-19 years old (n = 1003). Close relatives, including brothers, and friends were the main perpetrators in cases of girls < 15 years old. Strangers and friends were the principal perpetrators in the group of girls 15-19 years old.
Children under 15 are the group most affected by sexual violence. Strategies must be developed to prevent the sexual abuse of children and adolescents and to facilitate the rehabilitation of victimized children.
性暴力是一个影响儿童和青少年的问题，无论其社会阶层、年龄、出身、宗教、教育水平、婚姻状况、种族或性取向如何。本研究旨在分析性暴力案件中受害者与施害者之间的关系与受害者年龄之间的关联，受害者为女性。
本横断面、回顾性观察研究使用了巴西卫生部在巴西利亚公共卫生监测部门的数据，涉及 2012 年 1 月 1 日至 2018 年 12 月 31 日期间联邦区女性受害者报告的可报告犯罪强奸案。将受害者年龄分为<15 岁或 15-19 岁。根据与受害者的关系，将施害者分为八个不同类别：父亲、继父、兄弟、丈夫、男友、朋友、陌生人及其他。评估了受害者与施害者之间的关系与受害者年龄之间的关联。
共有 4617 例性暴力报告案例，其中 78.3%（n=3614）为<15 岁的儿童，21.7%（n=1003）为 15-19 岁的青少年。在<15 岁的女孩中，主要施害者是近亲，包括兄弟和朋友。在 15-19 岁的女孩中，主要施害者是陌生人与朋友。
<15 岁的儿童是受性暴力影响最大的群体。必须制定策略来防止儿童和青少年遭受性虐待，并为受害儿童提供康复帮助。
