Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, German Sport University, Cologne, Germany.
Geriatric Medicine, Department for Health Services Research, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany.
Brain Behav. 2021 Oct;11(10):e2352. doi: 10.1002/brb3.2352. Epub 2021 Sep 2.
Exercise is an adjunctive treatment in the management of Parkinson's disease (PD), but barriers such as health status, fear of overexertion, and lack of transportation to the location prevent regular exercise participation. Disease-inclusive exercise classes may offer an opportunity to make exercise more accessible for older adults with and without diseases. However, the efficacy of such heterogenous exercise classes is still widely unknown. Therefore, it was the aim of this study to analyze the feasibility of disease-inclusive exercise classes in older adults with and without PD.
Twenty-one older adults (healthy older adults (HOA): n = 13; PD: n = 8) completed an 8-week multimodal exercise intervention in supervised group sessions. Exercise classes lasted 60 min with the goal of two participations a week. We assessed physical fitness (timed up and go test [TUG], 6-minute walking test [6MWT], single leg stance), depressive symptoms and cognitive functions, and we determined growth factors (BDNF & IGF-1) before and after the intervention to determine the effects and by that, the feasibility of a disease-inclusive exercise program. Repeated measures ANOVA were used to establish changes.
TUG and 6MWT improved significantly after the training in both HOA (p = .008; p < .001) and individuals with PD (p = .024; p < .001). Furthermore, individuals with PD increased single leg stance left (p = .003). HOA (p = .003) and individuals with PD (p = .001) decreased their depressive symptoms between pre- and post-test significantly. Whereas growth factors tended to improve, no differences in cognitive functions were revealed.
Disease-inclusive multicomponent exercise improved physical functions and reduced depressive symptoms independent of health status. This should encourage exercise providers, researchers, and clinicians to further investigate disease-inclusive exercise, because they may have an important social impact and represent a more inclusive society.
运动是帕金森病（PD）管理的辅助治疗方法，但由于健康状况、担心过度劳累以及缺乏前往运动地点的交通工具等障碍，人们无法定期参与运动。包含疾病的运动课程可能为患有和不患有疾病的老年人提供更多运动的机会。然而，这种混合运动课程的效果仍知之甚少。因此，本研究旨在分析包含疾病的运动课程在有和没有 PD 的老年人中的可行性。
21 名老年人（健康老年人（HOA）：n=13；PD：n=8）参加了 8 周的多模式监督小组运动干预。运动课程每次 60 分钟，目标是每周参加两次。我们在干预前后评估了身体机能（计时起立行走测试[TUG]、6 分钟步行测试[6MWT]、单腿站立）、抑郁症状和认知功能，并确定了生长因子（BDNF 和 IGF-1），以确定运动课程的效果和可行性。重复测量方差分析用于确定变化。
在训练后，HOA（p=0.008；p<0.001）和 PD 患者（p=0.024；p<0.001）的 TUG 和 6MWT 均显著改善。此外，PD 患者的左腿单腿站立时间增加（p=0.003）。HOA（p=0.003）和 PD 患者（p=0.001）的抑郁症状在前后测试中均显著降低。虽然生长因子有改善的趋势，但认知功能没有差异。
包含疾病的多成分运动独立于健康状况改善了身体机能并减轻了抑郁症状。这应该鼓励运动提供者、研究人员和临床医生进一步研究包含疾病的运动，因为它们可能具有重要的社会影响，代表着一个更具包容性的社会。
