Han Qiao-Yu, Liang Han-Sheng
Department of anesthesiology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.
Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2021 Aug 25;46(8):700-6. doi: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.20210369.
Acupuncture treatment can regulate blood pressure (BP) through multiple levels and ways. In the present paper, we reviewed the progress of researches on the underlying mechanisms of acupuncture in lowering BP from 1) regulation of activities of the neuroendocrine, 2) improvement of metabolic abnormality, and 3) alternation of gene expression in the heart and BP-regulation-related centers of the brain. The neuroendocrine mechanism mainly involves the inhibition of neuroinflammatory reaction in some higher brain regions, reduction of neuronal apoptosis, and suppression of the sympathetic cardiovascular regulatory functional areas of the brain stem, regulation of neurotransmitters and autonomic balance, activation of brain areas related to BP regulation, and promotion of functional connection between brain networks. The improvement of metabolic abnormality mainly refers to amelioration of imbalance of intestinal flora and target metabolites related to hypertension. The alteration of gene expression mainly manifests as up- and down-regulation of expression of genes related to oxidative stress, inflammation and vascular endothelial function in the myocardium, hypothalamus, rostral ventrolateral medulla. We reviewed the new research progress on the mechanism of acupuncture for hypertension, in order to provide evidence and research ideas for the treatment of related cardiovascular diseases by using acupuncture therapy in the future.
针刺治疗可通过多种层次和途径调节血压（BP）。在本文中，我们从以下三个方面综述了针刺降低血压潜在机制的研究进展：1）神经内分泌活动的调节；2）代谢异常的改善；3）心脏及大脑血压调节相关中枢基因表达的改变。神经内分泌机制主要包括抑制某些高级脑区的神经炎症反应、减少神经元凋亡、抑制脑干交感心血管调节功能区、调节神经递质和自主神经平衡、激活与血压调节相关的脑区以及促进脑网络之间的功能连接。代谢异常的改善主要指改善肠道菌群失衡以及与高血压相关的靶代谢物。基因表达的改变主要表现为心肌、下丘脑、延髓头端腹外侧中与氧化应激、炎症和血管内皮功能相关基因表达的上调和下调。我们综述了针刺治疗高血压机制的新研究进展，以便为未来应用针刺疗法治疗相关心血管疾病提供依据和研究思路。
