Guger Technologies OG, Schiedlberg, Austria.
g.tec medical engineering GmbH, Schiedlberg, Austria.
J Clin Neurophysiol. 2022 Jan 1;39(1):32-39. doi: 10.1097/WNP.0000000000000810.
Disorders of consciousness include coma, unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (also known as vegetative state), and minimally conscious state. Neurobehavioral scales such as coma recovery scale-revised are the gold standard for disorder of consciousness assessment. Brain-computer interfaces have been emerging as an alternative tool for these patients. The application of brain-computer interfaces in disorders of consciousness can be divided into four fields: assessment, communication, prediction, and rehabilitation. The operational theoretical model of consciousness that brain-computer interfaces explore was reviewed in this article, with a focus on studies with acute and subacute patients. We then proposed a clinically friendly guideline, which could contribute to the implementation of brain-computer interfaces in neurorehabilitation settings. Finally, we discussed limitations and future directions, including major challenges and possible solutions.
意识障碍包括昏迷、无反应觉醒综合征（又称植物状态）和最小意识状态。神经行为量表，如昏迷恢复量表修订版，是意识障碍评估的金标准。脑机接口已成为这些患者的一种替代工具。脑机接口在意识障碍中的应用可分为四个领域：评估、交流、预测和康复。本文回顾了脑机接口探索的意识操作理论模型，重点关注急性和亚急性患者的研究。然后我们提出了一个临床友好的指南，这有助于脑机接口在神经康复环境中的实施。最后，我们讨论了局限性和未来方向，包括主要挑战和可能的解决方案。
