Department of Physical Oceanography, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, USA.
Department of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
Sci Rep. 2021 Sep 2;11(1):17623. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-97012-0.
The Northwest Atlantic, which has exhibited evidence of accelerated warming compared to the global ocean, also experienced several notable marine heatwaves (MHWs) over the last decade. We analyze spatiotemporal patterns of surface and subsurface temperature structure across the Northwest Atlantic continental shelf and slope to assess the influences of atmospheric and oceanic processes on ocean temperatures. Here we focus on MHWs from 2015/16 and examine their physical drivers using observational and reanalysis products. We find that a combination of jet stream latitudinal position and ocean advection, mainly due to warm core rings shed by the Gulf Stream, plays a role in MHW development. While both atmospheric and oceanic drivers can lead to MHWs they have different temperature signatures with each affecting the vertical structure differently and horizontal spatial patterns of a MHW. Northwest Atlantic MHWs have significant socio-economic impacts and affect commercially important species such as squid and lobster.
与全球海洋相比，北大西洋西北部表现出加速变暖的迹象，在过去十年中也经历了几次显著的海洋热浪（MHWs）。我们分析了北大西洋大陆架和斜坡的表面和次表面温度结构的时空模式，以评估大气和海洋过程对海洋温度的影响。在这里，我们重点关注 2015/16 年的海洋热浪，并使用观测和再分析产品研究它们的物理驱动因素。我们发现，急流纬度位置和海洋平流的组合，主要是由于墨西哥湾流释放的暖核环，在海洋热浪的发展中起作用。虽然大气和海洋驱动因素都可能导致海洋热浪，但它们具有不同的温度特征，每个因素都会以不同的方式影响垂直结构和海洋热浪的水平空间模式。北大西洋海洋热浪对社会经济有重大影响，并影响到商业上重要的物种，如鱿鱼和龙虾。
