Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Life Sci. 2021 Nov 15;285:119926. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119926. Epub 2021 Sep 2.
Considering the expansion of human life-span over the past few decades; sarcopenia, a physiological consequence of aging process characterized with a diminution in mass and strength of skeletal muscle, has become more frequent. Thus, there is a growing need for expanding our knowledge on the molecular mechanisms of muscle atrophy in sarcopenia which are complex and involve many signaling pathways associated with protein degradation and synthesis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) as evolutionary conserved small RNAs, could complementarily bind to their target mRNAs and post-transcriptionally inhibit their translation. Aberrant expression of miRNAs contributes to the development of sarcopenia by regulating the expression of critical genes involved in age-related skeletal muscle mass loss. Here we have a review on the signaling pathways along with the miRNAs controlling their components expression and subsequently we provide a brief overview on the effects of exercise on expression pattern of miRNAs in sarcopenia.
考虑到过去几十年人类寿命的延长；肌肉减少症，一种以骨骼肌质量和力量减少为特征的衰老过程的生理后果，变得更加频繁。因此，人们越来越需要扩展我们对肌肉减少症中肌肉萎缩的分子机制的了解，这些机制非常复杂，涉及许多与蛋白质降解和合成相关的信号通路。microRNAs (miRNAs) 作为进化上保守的小分子 RNA，可以与它们的靶 mRNAs 互补结合，并在转录后抑制它们的翻译。miRNAs 的异常表达通过调节参与与年龄相关的骨骼肌质量损失的关键基因的表达，导致肌肉减少症的发展。在这里，我们回顾了控制其组成表达的信号通路以及 miRNAs，并随后简要概述了运动对肌肉减少症中 miRNAs 表达模式的影响。
