Nuclear Recycles Board, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Tarapur 401502, India.
Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094, India; Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India.
J Chromatogr A. 2021 Oct 11;1655:462491. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462491. Epub 2021 Aug 25.
Efficient separation of hazardous radionuclides from radioactive waste remains a challenge to the global acceptance of nuclear power due to complex nature of the waste, high radiotoxicities and presence of large number of interfering elements. Sorption of radioactive elements from liquid phase, gas phase or their solid particulates on various synthetic organic, inorganic or biological sorbents is looked as one of the options for their remediation. In this context, highly porous materials, termed as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), have shown promise for efficient capturing of various types of radioactive elements. Major advantages that have been advocated for the application of MOFs in radionuclide sorption are their excellent chemical stability, and their large surface area due to abundant functional groups, and porosity. In this review, recent developments on the application of MOFs for radionuclide sequestration are briefly discussed. Focus has been devoted to address the separation of few crucial radioactive elements such as Th, U, Tc, Re, Se, Sr and Cs from aqueous solutions, which are important for liquid radioactive waste management. Apart from these radioactive metal ions, removal of radionuclide bearing gases such as I, Xe, and Kr are also discussed. Aspects related to the interaction of MOFs with the radionuclides are also discussed. Finally, a perspective for comprehensive investigation of MOFs for their applications in radioactive waste management has been outlined.
由于放射性废物的复杂性、高放射性毒性以及大量干扰元素的存在，高效分离危险放射性核素仍然是全球接受核能的一个挑战。从液相、气相或其固体颗粒中吸附放射性元素，选择各种合成有机、无机或生物吸附剂进行修复，被视为一种选择。在这种情况下，被称为金属-有机骨架（MOFs）的高多孔材料已显示出高效捕获各种类型放射性元素的潜力。MOFs 在放射性核素吸附中的应用的主要优点是其化学稳定性好，由于丰富的官能团和孔隙率，其比表面积大。本文简要讨论了 MOFs 在放射性核素隔离中的应用的最新进展。重点介绍了从水溶液中分离一些关键放射性元素（如 Th、U、Tc、Re、Se、Sr 和 Cs）的方法，这对液体放射性废物管理很重要。除了这些放射性金属离子外，还讨论了放射性气体（如 I、Xe 和 Kr）的去除。还讨论了 MOFs 与放射性核素相互作用的相关方面。最后，概述了对 MOFs 在放射性废物管理中的应用进行全面研究的前景。
