Laboratory of Environmental Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Radioactive Waste Treatment, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
Laboratory of Environmental Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
J Environ Radioact. 2023 Dec;270:107267. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2023.107267. Epub 2023 Aug 18.
Technetium isotope Tc is a main radioactive waste produced in the process of nuclear reaction, which has the characteristics of long half-life and strong environmental mobility, and can be bio-accumulated in organisms, resulting in serious threat to human health and ecosystem. Adsorption method is widely used in the field of removing radionuclides from water due to the advantages of high treatment rate, simple and mature industrial application. In this review paper, the recent advances in research and application of various adsorption materials for Tc pollution treatment were summarized and analyzed for the first time, including inorganic adsorbents, such as activated carbon, zero-valent iron, metallic minerals, clay minerals, layered double hydroxides (LDHs), tin-based materials, and sulfur-based materials; organic adsorbents, such as porous organic polymers (POPs), covalent-organic frameworks (COFs), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and ion exchange resin; and biological adsorbents, such as biopolymers (chitosan, cellulose, alginate), and microbial cells. The performance characteristics and the adsorption kinetics and isotherms of various adsorption materials were discussed. This review could deepen the understanding of the adsorptive removal of Tc from aqueous solution, and provide a reference for the future research in this field.
锝同位素 Tc 是核反应过程中产生的主要放射性废物之一，具有半衰期长、环境迁移性强的特点，并能在生物体中生物累积，对人类健康和生态系统造成严重威胁。吸附法因处理速度快、工业应用简单成熟等优点，在水中去除放射性核素领域得到了广泛应用。本综述首次对用于 Tc 污染处理的各种吸附材料的研究和应用进展进行了总结和分析，包括无机吸附剂，如活性炭、零价铁、金属矿物、粘土矿物、层状双氢氧化物（LDHs）、锡基材料和硫基材料；有机吸附剂，如多孔有机聚合物（POPs）、共价有机骨架（COFs）、金属有机骨架（MOFs）和离子交换树脂；以及生物吸附剂，如生物聚合物（壳聚糖、纤维素、海藻酸盐）和微生物细胞。讨论了各种吸附材料的性能特点、吸附动力学和吸附等温线。本综述可以加深对水溶液中 Tc 的吸附去除的理解，并为该领域的未来研究提供参考。
