Obrenovic Bojan, Du Jianguo, Godinic Danijela, Baslom Mohammed Majdy M, Tsoy Diana
School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
Faculty of Philosophy, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
Front Psychol. 2021 Aug 13;12:648572. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.648572. eCollection 2021.
As the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic causes a general concern regarding the overall mental health of employees worldwide, policymakers across nations are taking precautions for curtailing and scaling down dispersion of the coronavirus. In this study, we conceptualized a framework capturing recurring troublesome elements of mental states such as depression and general anxiety, assessing them by applying standard clinical inventory. The study explores the extent to which danger control and fear control under the Extended Parallel Processing Model (EPPM) threat impact job insecurity, with uncertainty phenomenon causing afflicting effect on the experiential nature of depression heightened by anxiety. With the aim to explore the job insecurity relationship with anxiety and depression, and measure the impact of EPPM threat, an empirical study was conducted in the United States on a sample of 347 white collar employees. Demographic data, EPPM threat, job insecurity, anxiety, and depression data were collected a standardized questionnaire during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The questionnaire consisting of multi-item scales was distributed online. All the scale items were evaluated on a 5-point Likert scale. SEM software AMOS version 23 was used to perform confirmatory factor analysis with maximum likelihood estimation. In the structural model, relationships between the threat of COVID-19, job insecurity, anxiety, and depression were assessed. The findings of the study suggest that job insecurity has a significant impact on depression and anxiety, whereas the threat of COVID-19 has a significant impact on depression. Mediating effects of job insecurity and EPPM threat impact on anxiety were not established in the study. The study contributes to the apprehension of the repercussions of major environmental disruptions on normal human functioning, and it investigates the effects of self-reported protective behaviors on risk perception. The study also explains the underlying mechanisms of coping behavior as possible antecedents to mental disorders. When subjected to stressful events, heightened psychological arousal causes physical and psychological challenges of affected employees to manifest as behavioral issues.
由于2019年冠状病毒病大流行引发了全球对员工整体心理健康的普遍关注，各国政策制定者正在采取预防措施以减少和降低新冠病毒的传播。在本研究中，我们构建了一个框架，用以捕捉诸如抑郁和广泛性焦虑等反复出现的心理困扰因素，并通过应用标准临床量表对其进行评估。该研究探讨了扩展平行加工模型（EPPM）威胁下的危险控制和恐惧控制在多大程度上影响工作不安全感，不确定性现象会因焦虑而加剧对抑郁体验性质的困扰作用。为了探究工作不安全感与焦虑和抑郁的关系，并衡量EPPM威胁的影响，在美国对347名白领员工进行了实证研究。在2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行期间，通过标准化问卷收集了人口统计学数据以及EPPM威胁、工作不安全感、焦虑和抑郁数据。由多项目量表组成的问卷通过在线方式发放。所有量表项目均采用5点李克特量表进行评估。使用结构方程模型软件AMOS 23版进行最大似然估计的验证性因素分析。在结构模型中，评估了COVID-19威胁、工作不安全感、焦虑和抑郁之间的关系。研究结果表明，工作不安全感对抑郁和焦虑有显著影响，而COVID-19威胁对抑郁有显著影响。该研究未证实工作不安全感和EPPM威胁对焦虑的中介作用。该研究有助于理解重大环境干扰对正常人类功能的影响，并调查自我报告的保护行为对风险认知的影响。该研究还解释了应对行为作为心理障碍可能先兆的潜在机制。当受到压力事件影响时，增强的心理唤醒会使受影响员工的身心挑战表现为行为问题。
