Martínez-Soto Joel, de la Fuente Suárez Luis Alfonso, Ruiz-Correa Salvador
Department of Psychology, Universidad de Guanajuato, Leon, Mexico.
Architecture School, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico.
Front Psychol. 2021 Aug 17;12:717116. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.717116. eCollection 2021.
The interactive role of the ecological, architectural, biophilic, and sensory qualities of outdoor and indoor spaces in the restorative experiences of urban inhabitants is little known. We analyzed the restorative influence on mood states and situational stress related to exposure to vegetation proportion, spatial extension, landmark salience, biophilic architecture, people density, street visual access, olfactory pleasantness, and noise of 65 public spaces in a Mexican city. The environmental qualities of these places were analyzed with multidimensional scaling (MDS), leading to eight space categories (e.g., historic squares with biophilic architecture, large parks, street scenes, and interiors with non-biophilic architecture). Ratings of the restorative potential, mood states, situational stress, olfactory pleasantness, and noise annoyance were evaluated on such places and modeled through a structural equation modeling (SEM). The model shows that the restorative influence of the environmental qualities on moods and stress was related to a decrease in experiences of negative moods and perceived stress, and an increase of positive mood states. Based on our findings, we discuss design guidelines, emphasizing the relevance of including vegetation and built elements with biophilic qualities to create restorative environments.
室外和室内空间的生态、建筑、亲生物性及感官特质在城市居民恢复性体验中的交互作用鲜为人知。我们分析了墨西哥一座城市中65个公共场所的植被比例、空间范围、地标显著性、亲生物建筑、人口密度、街道视觉可达性、嗅觉愉悦度和噪音对情绪状态及情境压力的恢复性影响。通过多维尺度分析（MDS）对这些场所的环境特质进行分析，得出了八个空间类别（例如，具有亲生物建筑的历史广场、大型公园、街景以及非亲生物建筑的室内空间）。在此类场所对恢复性潜力、情绪状态、情境压力、嗅觉愉悦度和噪音烦恼程度进行评分，并通过结构方程模型（SEM）进行建模。该模型表明，环境特质对情绪和压力的恢复性影响与负面情绪体验和感知压力的减少以及积极情绪状态的增加有关。基于我们的研究结果，我们讨论了设计指南，强调了纳入具有亲生物特质的植被和建筑元素以营造恢复性环境的重要性。
