Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 45 No 26-85, Building 450, Bogotá, Colombia.
Instituto Nacional de Metrología (INM), Avenida Carrera 50 No. 26 - 55, Bogotá, Colombia.
Anal Methods. 2021 Sep 23;13(36):4038-4054. doi: 10.1039/d1ay01017d.
Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites that are known to be toxic to humans and animals. On the other hand, some mycotoxins and their analogues possess antioxidant as well as antitumor properties, which could be relevant in the fields of pharmaceutical analysis and food research. Omics techniques are a group of analytical tools applied in the biological sciences in order to study genes (genomics), mRNA (transcriptomics), proteins (proteomics), and metabolites (metabolomics). Omics have become a vital tool in the field of mycotoxins, especially contributing to the identification of biomarkers with potential use for the detection of mycotoxigenic species and the gathering of information about the biosynthetic pathways of mycotoxins in different environments. This approach has provided tools for the development of prevention strategies and control measures for different mycotoxins. Additionally, research has revealed important information about the impact of global warming and climate change on the prevalence of mycotoxin issues in society. In the context of foodomics, the aim is to apply omics techniques in order to ensure food safety. The objective of the present review is to determine the state of the art regarding the development of analytical techniques based on omics in the identification of biosynthetic pathways related to mycotoxin synthesis.
真菌毒素是次级代谢产物，已知对人类和动物有毒。另一方面，一些真菌毒素及其类似物具有抗氧化和抗肿瘤特性，这在药物分析和食品研究领域可能具有重要意义。组学技术是一组应用于生物科学的分析工具，用于研究基因（基因组学）、mRNA（转录组学）、蛋白质（蛋白质组学）和代谢物（代谢组学）。组学已成为真菌毒素领域的重要工具，特别是有助于识别具有潜在用途的生物标志物，用于检测产毒物种，并收集有关不同环境中真菌毒素生物合成途径的信息。这种方法为不同真菌毒素的预防策略和控制措施的发展提供了工具。此外，研究还揭示了有关全球变暖和气候变化对社会中真菌毒素问题流行的影响的重要信息。在食品组学方面，其目的是应用组学技术以确保食品安全。本综述的目的是确定基于组学的生物技术在鉴定与真菌毒素合成相关的生物合成途径方面的分析技术的最新发展状况。
