Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2021 Oct;189(3):599-606. doi: 10.1007/s10549-021-06287-4. Epub 2021 Sep 6.
Here we will provide an immune-focussed overview of biomarkers in early and advanced stage breast cancer. It should be noted from the outset that all the biomarkers under discussion here have not been tested in prospective clinical trials to determine their predictive performance. Such trials require very large sample sizes due to the statistical burden of testing an interaction between a treatment and a biomarker, which is compounded by the heterogeneous biology of breast cancer (Polley et al. in J Natl Cancer Inst 105:1677-1683 2013 [1]). For a detailed discussion of the immunobiology of breast cancer, analytical aspects of these biomarkers, emerging biomarkers such as tumour mutation burden and detailed immunotherapy clinical trial data, see other articles in this issue.
在这里，我们将提供一个针对早期和晚期乳腺癌生物标志物的免疫重点概述。应该从一开始就注意到，这里讨论的所有生物标志物都没有经过前瞻性临床试验来确定它们的预测性能。由于需要测试治疗与生物标志物之间相互作用的统计学负担，以及乳腺癌生物学的异质性（Polley 等人，J Natl Cancer Inst 105：1677-1683，2013 [1]），因此此类试验需要非常大的样本量。有关乳腺癌免疫生物学、这些生物标志物的分析方面、肿瘤突变负担和详细免疫治疗临床试验数据等新兴生物标志物的详细讨论，请参阅本期的其他文章。
