Cytogenetics Lab, Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India.
Instrumentation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180016, India.
Chemosphere. 2022 Jan;287(Pt 2):132103. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132103. Epub 2021 Sep 1.
The study was planned to assess the acute toxicity of textile industry intermediate, 2 amino benzene sulfonate (2 ABS) through biochemical, genotoxic, histopathological and ultrastructural (SEM) analysis in liver and gills of fresh water fish Channa punctatus. The fish were subjected to two sublethal concentrations (2.83 mg/30 g b. w. and 5.66 mg/30 g b. w.) for 96 h. A significant (p ≤ 0.05) increment in the enzymatic activity of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) was observed followed by decline on CAT-SOD after 96 h of exposure in both the tissues, whereas increment in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were observed throughout the exposure period for both the concentrations. Comet assay also showed elevated tail length and % tail DNA throughout the exposure period, marking maximum damage after 96 h for both the tissues. Light microscopy divulged several anomalies including: infiltration of lymphocytes, sinusoidal dilations, necrosis, vacuolation in liver and secondary lamellae fusion, telangiectasia and epithelial uplifting in gills. The highest degree of tissue change (DTC) in liver (50.33 ± 0.88) and gill (42.33 ± 2.18) was recorded with the highest concentration after 96 h of exposure. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also reaffirmed several alterations in liver and gills of fish. The findings of the present study inflict changes in liver and gills, marking the interference of 2 ABS with the normal functioning by suppressing the enzymatic activity, accelerating the lipid peroxidation, enhancing DNA damage and by disrupting normal architecture of liver and gills, making it toxic towards the fish even at sub-lethal concentrations.
本研究旨在通过生化、遗传毒性、组织病理学和超微结构（SEM）分析评估纺织工业中间体 2-氨基苯磺酸（2-ABS）对淡水鱼 Channa punctatus 的急性毒性。将鱼暴露于两个亚致死浓度（2.83 mg/30 g bw 和 5.66 mg/30 g bw）96 h。在两个组织中，暴露 96 h 后，观察到过氧化氢酶（CAT）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）的酶活性显著增加（p ≤ 0.05），随后 CAT-SOD 活性下降。在两个浓度下，丙二醛（MDA）水平在整个暴露期间均升高。彗星试验还显示整个暴露期间尾部长度和尾部 DNA 的百分比均升高，两个组织的最大损伤发生在 96 h 后。光镜观察发现多种异常，包括：淋巴细胞浸润、窦扩张、坏死、空泡化、肝实质和次级鳃片融合、毛细血管扩张和上皮隆起。肝（50.33 ± 0.88）和鳃（42.33 ± 2.18）组织的最高组织变化程度（DTC）是在暴露 96 h 后用最高浓度记录的。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）也证实了鱼的肝和鳃的几种改变。本研究的结果表明 2-ABS 对肝和鳃造成了改变，表明 2-ABS 通过抑制酶活性、加速脂质过氧化、增强 DNA 损伤以及破坏肝和鳃的正常结构，对鱼类造成干扰，即使在亚致死浓度下也具有毒性。
