Sharma Khushboo, Koundal Satish, Singh Mandeep, Chadha Pooja, Saini Harvinder Singh
Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, PB 143005, India.
Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, PB 143005, India.
Toxicol Res (Camb). 2023 Dec 14;13(1):tfad118. doi: 10.1093/toxres/tfad118. eCollection 2024 Feb.
The unregulated expulsion of untreated or partially treated industrial effluents poses serious threat to the aquatic ecosystem. Therefore, in the present study fish were exposed to untreated and microbially treated equalization tank effluent of textile industry and toxicity studies were carried out for 45 days. The study was planned to analyze the toxicity proffered by textile effluents through haematological, biochemical, histopathological and ultrastructural analysis in blood, liver and gill tissues of fish. While comparing untreated and microbially treated effluent exposed groups haematological parameters were significantly ( ≤ 0.05) less in the untreated effluent exposed group whereas White blood cell count was highly escalated. However, in the microbially treated groups, the alterations were less severe. Increased malondialdehyde content indicating oxidative stress, reduced Catalase (CAT) and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity showing a weakened antioxidant defence system and increased glutathione activity was also perceived in untreated effluent exposed groups in comparison to microbially treated groups. Histopathological alterations in gill (telangiectasia, lamellae fusion, breakage, vacuolization and bending of lamellae) and liver (sinusoid dilations, fusion, necrosis and congestion) were more pronounced and severe in the untreated effluent exposed group as compared to microbially treated group. The results observed in histopathology were further reaffirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The study clearly highlights less alterations and deformities in microbially treated effluent groups in comparison to untreated effluent groups. These findings, therefore, necessitate the search for more effective microbial inocula for the better treatment of effluents in order to protect the aquatic life as well as human beings.
exposed for 15, 30 and 45 days to untreated and microbially treated equalization tank effluent of textile industry.Untreated and microbially treated effluent exposed fish elicited alterations in blood, liver and gill tissuesHaematology, biochemical, histopathology and ultrastructural analysis resulted in massive pathologies in groups subjected to untreated effluent inducing maximum damage after 45 days of exposure.Less pronounced toxicity in fish was observed in fish exposed to microbially treated effluent indicating its efficacy in toxicity reduction.
未经处理或部分处理的工业废水无节制排放对水生生态系统构成严重威胁。因此，在本研究中，将鱼类暴露于纺织工业未经处理和经微生物处理的均衡池废水中，并进行了45天的毒性研究。该研究旨在通过对鱼的血液、肝脏和鳃组织进行血液学、生化、组织病理学和超微结构分析，来分析纺织废水所带来的毒性。在比较未经处理和经微生物处理的废水暴露组时，未经处理的废水暴露组的血液学参数显著较低（≤0.05），而白细胞计数则大幅升高。然而，在经微生物处理的组中，变化不太严重。与经微生物处理的组相比，未经处理的废水暴露组中丙二醛含量增加表明存在氧化应激，过氧化氢酶（CAT）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性降低表明抗氧化防御系统减弱，谷胱甘肽活性增加。与经微生物处理的组相比，未经处理的废水暴露组鳃（毛细血管扩张、鳃小片融合、破裂、空泡化和鳃小片弯曲）和肝脏（血窦扩张、融合、坏死和充血）的组织病理学改变更明显、更严重。组织病理学观察结果通过扫描电子显微镜得到进一步证实。该研究清楚地表明，与未经处理的废水组相比，经微生物处理的废水组的变化和畸形较少。因此，这些发现有必要寻找更有效的微生物接种物，以更好地处理废水，从而保护水生生物和人类。
将鱼类暴露于纺织工业未经处理和经微生物处理的均衡池废水中15天、30天和45天。未经处理和经微生物处理的废水暴露的鱼在血液、肝脏和鳃组织中引发了变化。血液学、生化、组织病理学和超微结构分析导致未经处理的废水组出现大量病变，在暴露45天后造成最大损害。在暴露于经微生物处理的废水的鱼中观察到的毒性不太明显，表明其在降低毒性方面的功效。
