Gordon T A C, Harding H R, Clever F K, Davidson I K, Davison W, Montgomery D W, Weatherhead R C, Windsor F M, Armstrong J D, Bardonnet A, Bergman E, Britton J R, Côté I M, D'agostino D, Greenberg L A, Harborne A R, Kahilainen K K, Metcalfe N B, Mills S C, Milner N J, Mittermayer F H, Montorio L, Nedelec S L, Prokkola J M, Rutterford L A, Salvanes A G V, Simpson S D, Vainikka A, Pinnegar J K, Santos E M
Biosciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope Building, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QD, U.K.
School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, U.K.
J Fish Biol. 2018 Mar;92(3):804-827. doi: 10.1111/jfb.13546.
Populations of fishes provide valuable services for billions of people, but face diverse and interacting threats that jeopardize their sustainability. Human population growth and intensifying resource use for food, water, energy and goods are compromising fish populations through a variety of mechanisms, including overfishing, habitat degradation and declines in water quality. The important challenges raised by these issues have been recognized and have led to considerable advances over past decades in managing and mitigating threats to fishes worldwide. In this review, we identify the major threats faced by fish populations alongside recent advances that are helping to address these issues. There are very significant efforts worldwide directed towards ensuring a sustainable future for the world's fishes and fisheries and those who rely on them. Although considerable challenges remain, by drawing attention to successful mitigation of threats to fish and fisheries we hope to provide the encouragement and direction that will allow these challenges to be overcome in the future.
鱼类种群为数十亿人提供了宝贵的服务，但面临着各种相互作用的威胁，这些威胁危及它们的可持续性。人口增长以及对食物、水、能源和商品的资源利用不断加剧，正通过多种机制影响鱼类种群，包括过度捕捞、栖息地退化和水质下降。这些问题引发的重大挑战已得到认识，并在过去几十年里在管理和减轻全球鱼类面临的威胁方面取得了相当大的进展。在本综述中，我们确定了鱼类种群面临的主要威胁以及有助于解决这些问题的近期进展。全世界都在做出非常重大的努力，以确保世界鱼类和渔业以及依赖它们的人们拥有可持续的未来。尽管仍然存在相当大的挑战，但通过关注成功减轻对鱼类和渔业的威胁，我们希望提供鼓励和方向，以便未来能够克服这些挑战。
