Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences, Wybickiego 7a, 31-261 Cracow, Poland.
AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Management, Gramatyka 10, 30-067 Cracow, Poland.
J Hazard Mater. 2021 Aug 15;416:126021. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126021. Epub 2021 May 5.
The meat industry generates a significant amount of hazardous waste, containing phosphorus, calcium, and other elements which could be the basis for other products. This work presents the results of research on the thermal utilisation of bone meat waste and the use of the ash thus obtained as a substitute for phosphorus raw materials. Material Flow Analysis was used to quantify and assess the option with the highest material productivity. Such a solution can be in line with an updated pyramid of food waste hierarchy already proposed in the literature, distinguishing surplus food and a new category for recycling of materials, in analysed case food waste, in the circular economy. The research is based on the example of real data from a Polish meat producer. The quantity of waste from primary production and meat manufacturing containing waste bone in Poland was estimated to be 232,000 t/y (24.0% of the total quantity of meat waste). Its thermal utilisation potentially allows 71,118 t/y of hydroxyapatite ash, a substitute for phosphorites, to be obtained. The high quality hydroxyapatite ash could be used for the production of food grade phosphoric acid and also for the production of food grade mono- and dicalcium feed phosphates.
肉类行业会产生大量的危险废物，其中含有磷、钙和其他元素，这些元素可以作为其他产品的基础。这项工作展示了对骨肉废物的热利用以及由此获得的灰分用作磷原料替代品的研究结果。物料流分析用于量化和评估具有最高物质生产力的选择。这种解决方案可以符合文献中已经提出的更新的食物废物层次金字塔，将剩余食物和材料回收的新类别区分开来，在分析案例中是食物废物，在循环经济中。该研究基于波兰肉类生产商的实际数据示例。波兰初级生产和肉类加工过程中产生的含废骨的废物量估计为 232,000 吨/年（占肉类废物总量的 24.0%）。其热利用有可能获得 71,118 吨/年的羟磷灰石灰，作为磷矿的替代品。高质量的羟磷灰石灰可用于生产食品级磷酸，也可用于生产食品级单钙和双钙饲料磷酸盐。
