Departmant of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China.
Mol Cancer. 2021 Sep 8;20(1):116. doi: 10.1186/s12943-021-01406-7.
Cancer immunotherapy has recently shown promising antitumor effects in various types of tumors. Among all immune checkpoints, the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway plays an important role in the immune evasion of tumor cells, making it a potent target in antitumor immunity. Accordingly, antibodies targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway have been developed to attack tumor cells; however, resistance to immune therapy remains to be solved. Hence, identification of the underlying modulators of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is of significant importance to understand the mechanisms of antitumor immunotherapy. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been identified to regulate the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, leading to participation in the immune response and immunotherapy. Therefore, this review focuses on the functions of lncRNAs and circRNAs in regulation of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. We hope this review will stimulate research to supply more precise and effective cancer immune checkpoint therapies for a large number of tumors.
癌症免疫疗法最近在各种类型的肿瘤中显示出有希望的抗肿瘤作用。在所有免疫检查点中，PD-1/PD-L1 通路在肿瘤细胞的免疫逃逸中起着重要作用，使其成为抗肿瘤免疫的有效靶点。因此，已经开发出针对 PD-1/PD-L1 通路的抗体来攻击肿瘤细胞；然而，免疫治疗的耐药性仍然有待解决。因此，鉴定 PD-1/PD-L1 通路的潜在调节剂对于理解抗肿瘤免疫治疗的机制具有重要意义。长链非编码 RNA（lncRNA）和环状 RNA（circRNA）已被鉴定为可调节 PD-1/PD-L1 通路，从而参与免疫反应和免疫治疗。因此，本综述重点介绍了 lncRNA 和 circRNA 在肿瘤发生和肿瘤进展中调节 PD-1/PD-L1 轴的功能。我们希望本综述将激发更多的研究，为大量肿瘤提供更精确、更有效的癌症免疫检查点治疗方法。
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