Department of Anaesthesiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch Straße 1, 17489, Greifswald, Germany.
University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2021 Sep 8;29(1):131. doi: 10.1186/s13049-021-00945-8.
Witnessing an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a traumatic experience. This study analyses bystanders` psychological processing of OHCA. We examined the potential impact of bystanders performing resuscitation and the influence of the relationship between bystander and patient (stranger vs. family/friend of the patient) on the psychological processing.
A telephone interview survey with bystanders, who witnessed an OHCA of an adult patient was performed weeks after the event between December 2014 and April 2016. The semi-standardized questionnaire contained a question regarding the paramount emotion at the time of the interview. In a post-hoc analysis statements given in response were rated by independent researchers into the categories "signs of pathological psychological processing", "physiological psychological processing" and "no signs of psychological distress due to the OHCA".
In this analysis 89 telephone interviews were included. In 27 cases (30.3%) signs of pathological psychological processing could be detected. Bystanders performing resuscitation had a higher rate of "no signs of psychological distress after witnessing OHCA" compared to those not resuscitating (54.7% vs. 26.7%, p < 0.05; relative risk 2.01; 95%CI 1.08, 3.89). No statistical significant differences in the psychological processing could be shown for gender, age, relationship to the patient, current employment in the health sector, location of cardiac arrest or number of additional bystanders.
One out of three bystanders of OHCA suffers signs of pathological psychological processing. This was independent of bystander´s age, gender and relationship to the patient. Performing resuscitation seems to help coping with witnessing OHCA.
目睹院外心脏骤停（OHCA）是一种创伤性体验。本研究分析了旁观者对 OHCA 的心理处理过程。我们研究了旁观者进行复苏的潜在影响，以及旁观者与患者之间的关系（陌生人与患者的家人/朋友）对心理处理的影响。
在 2014 年 12 月至 2016 年 4 月期间，对 OHCA 发生数周后，通过电话采访调查了成年患者的旁观者。半标准化问卷包含一个问题，询问受访者在采访时的主要情绪。在事后分析中，由独立研究人员根据“病理性心理处理迹象”、“生理心理处理”和“OHCA 未导致心理困扰”对回答的陈述进行评分。
本分析共纳入 89 次电话采访。在 27 例（30.3%）中发现了病理性心理处理迹象。与未进行复苏的旁观者相比，进行复苏的旁观者“OHCA 后无心理困扰”的比例更高（54.7%比 26.7%，p<0.05；相对风险 2.01；95%CI 1.08,3.89）。性别、年龄、与患者的关系、当前在卫生部门的就业情况、心脏骤停地点或额外旁观者人数等因素对心理处理无统计学显著差异。
三分之一的 OHCA 旁观者存在病理性心理处理迹象。这与旁观者的年龄、性别和与患者的关系无关。进行复苏似乎有助于应对目睹 OHCA。
