Øvstebø Anna Marie Moe, Bjørshol Conrad Arnfinn, Grønlien Sissel, Lund Helene, Lindner Thomas Werner
The Regional Centre for Emergency Medical Research and Development (RAKOS), Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.
Dept. of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.
Resusc Plus. 2023 Mar 9;14:100373. doi: 10.1016/j.resplu.2023.100373. eCollection 2023 Jun.
Every year, large numbers of individuals are present or provide first aid in situations involving out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, injuries, or suicides. Little is known about the impact of providing first aid or witnessing a first aid situation, but research indicates that many first aid providers (FAP) experience persistent psychological difficulties. Here we aimed to assess the level of psychological impact of being a FAP.
In this retrospective study, FAP attending follow-up were asked to complete the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ), which is a self-report diagnostic measure of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD). We recorded endorsement of a symptom or functional impairment (score ≥ 2/4 on at least one of 18 items).
Of the 102 FAP in this study, 86 (84%) showed endorsement of a symptom or functional impairment. Common symptoms/functional impairments included being super-alert, watchful, or on guard; having powerful mental images; avoiding internal reminders or memories; and being affected in important parts of one's life. One-third had affected ability to work. Of the FAPs who attended follow-up more than one month after the incident ( = 32), 19% met the criteria for PTSD or CPTSD.
The majority of FAPs have endorsement of a symptom or functional impairment. Some FAPs fulfil the criteria of PTSD. We suggest that follow-up should be offered by the EMS to all FAPs involved in incidents with an unconscious patient.
每年，大量人员会身处院外心脏骤停、受伤或自杀等情况现场或实施急救。对于实施急救或目睹急救情况的影响知之甚少，但研究表明，许多急救人员会经历持续的心理困扰。在此，我们旨在评估作为一名急救人员所受心理影响的程度。
在这项回顾性研究中，要求参与随访的急救人员完成国际创伤问卷（ITQ），这是一种用于创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和复杂性创伤后应激障碍（CPTSD）的自我报告诊断量表。我们记录了症状或功能损害的认可情况（18项条目中至少有一项得分≥2/4）。
在本研究的102名急救人员中，86名（84%）表现出对症状或功能损害的认可。常见症状/功能损害包括过度警觉、警惕或戒备；脑海中出现强烈的画面；回避内心的回忆或记忆；以及生活的重要方面受到影响。三分之一的人工作能力受到影响。在事件发生一个多月后参与随访的急救人员中（n = 32），19%符合PTSD或CPTSD的标准。
大多数急救人员认可存在症状或功能损害。一些急救人员符合PTSD的标准。我们建议急救医疗服务机构应为所有参与无意识患者事件的急救人员提供随访服务。
