Takano Tadao
Clinical Research, Innovation and Education Center, Tohoku University Hospital (CRIETO).
Rinsho Ketsueki. 2021;62(8):1343-1348. doi: 10.11406/rinketsu.62.1343.
Medical ethics are important for medical professionals and can be classified into two subcategories, which are: "Research Ethics," referring to the norms that researchers should follow when engaging in research activities, and "Clinical Ethics," which are mainly norms that should be followed in routine clinical practice. Rules are the basic component of ethics and are an agreement that is enacted after the fact. On the other hand, the development of new medical care strategies requires novelty and originality. Research includes unknown and unpracticed topics; therefore, new problems arise, which are often not possible to deal with by simply following the established rules. Medical professionals need to be ethical so that they can anticipate new problems and make decisions without the rules. This can be done by understanding the background against which the rules have been formed and its preamble.
医学伦理对医学专业人员很重要，可分为两个子类别，即：“研究伦理”，指研究人员在从事研究活动时应遵循的规范；以及“临床伦理”，主要是在日常临床实践中应遵循的规范。规则是伦理的基本组成部分，是事后制定的一种约定。另一方面，新医疗策略的制定需要新颖性和原创性。研究包括未知和未实践过的课题；因此，会出现新问题，而仅仅遵循既定规则往往无法处理这些问题。医学专业人员需要具备伦理素养，以便能够预见新问题并在没有规则的情况下做出决策。这可以通过了解规则形成的背景及其前言来实现。
