Zhang Xiaojiao, Liu Lili, Bai Wei, Han Ying, Hou Xinlin
Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
Front Pediatr. 2021 Aug 23;9:690339. doi: 10.3389/fped.2021.690339. eCollection 2021.
Asphyxia is an emergent condition in neonates that may influence the function of the nervous system. Research has shown that intestinal microbiota is very important for neurodevelopment. Studies regarding the association between gut microbiota and neurodevelopment outcome in asphyxiated newborns remain scarce. To study the microbial characteristics of asphyxiated neonates within 1 week of life and to investigate their relationship with neural development at 6 months. The feces produced on days 1, 3, and 5, and the clinical data of full-term neonates with asphyxia and without asphyxia, delivered from March 2019 to October 2020 at Peking University First Hospital, were collected. We used 16S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid amplicon sequencing to detect the intestinal microbiota of asphyxiated neonates and neonates in the control group. We followed up asphyxiated neonates for 6 months and used the Ages and Stages Questionnaires-3 (ASQ-3) to evaluate their development. A total of 45 neonates were enrolled in the study group and 32 were enrolled in the control group. On day 1, the diversity and richness of the microflora of the study group were more than those of the control group. Non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis showed significant differences in the microbiota of the two groups on days 1, 3, and 5. At the phylum level, the main microflora of the two groups were not different. At the genus level, the study group had increased relative abundance of , etc. on day 1. On day 3, the relative abundance of , etc. was still greater than that of the control group, and the relative abundance of was less than that of the control group. On day 5, the relative abundance of and was still higher than that of the control group, and the relative abundance of in the study group was significantly increased. At the species level, on day 3, the relative abundance of in the study group was less than that in the control group. Linear discriminant analysis effect size showed that the microbiota of the study group mainly consisted of and on day 1 and on day 3. In the control group, was the dominant bacterium on day 3. Neonates in the study group were followed up for 6 months, and the communication score of ASQ-3 was negatively correlated with the relative abundance of and on day 1. The diversity and richness of the microbiota of asphyxiated neonates on the first day of life were significantly increased and mainly consisted of pathogenic flora. and found in neonates with asphyxia on day 1 of life may be related to neural development at 6 months.
窒息是新生儿的一种紧急情况，可能会影响神经系统的功能。研究表明，肠道微生物群对神经发育非常重要。关于窒息新生儿肠道微生物群与神经发育结局之间关联的研究仍然很少。本研究旨在探讨出生1周内窒息新生儿的微生物特征，并研究其与6个月时神经发育的关系。收集了2019年3月至2020年10月在北京大学第一医院分娩的足月窒息新生儿和非窒息新生儿第1、3、5天的粪便及临床资料。采用16S核糖体脱氧核糖核酸扩增子测序技术检测窒息新生儿和对照组新生儿的肠道微生物群。对窒息新生儿进行6个月的随访，并使用年龄与发育进程问卷第3版（ASQ-3）评估其发育情况。研究组共纳入45例新生儿，对照组纳入32例新生儿。第1天，研究组微生物群的多样性和丰富度高于对照组。非度量多维标度分析显示，两组在第1、3、5天的微生物群存在显著差异。在门水平上，两组的主要微生物群没有差异。在属水平上，研究组在第1天的相对丰度增加，如等。第3天，等的相对丰度仍高于对照组，而的相对丰度低于对照组。第5天，和的相对丰度仍高于对照组，研究组中的相对丰度显著增加。在种水平上，第3天研究组中的相对丰度低于对照组。线性判别分析效应大小显示，研究组在第1天的微生物群主要由和组成，第3天主要由组成。对照组中，第3天的优势菌是。对研究组新生儿进行6个月随访，ASQ-3的沟通得分与第1天和的相对丰度呈负相关。窒息新生儿出生第一天微生物群的多样性和丰富度显著增加，且主要由致病菌群组成。出生第1天窒息新生儿中发现的和可能与6个月时的神经发育有关。
