Institute for Biological Systems, Magnetic Resonance Laboratory "Segre-Capitani", CNR, Via Salaria Km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy.
Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Molecules. 2021 Aug 24;26(17):5125. doi: 10.3390/molecules26175125.
Untargeted (NMR) and targeted (RP-HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS, RP-HPLC-FD) analytical methodologies were used to determine the bioactive components of 19 tea samples, characterized by different production processes (common tea and GABA tea), degrees of fermentation (green and oolong teas), and harvesting season (autumn and spring). The combination of NMR data and a multivariate statistical approach led to a statistical model able to discriminate between GABA and non-GABA teas and green and oolong teas. Targeted analyses showed that green and GABA green teas had similar polyphenol and caffeine contents, but the GABA level was higher in GABA green teas than in regular green tea samples. GABA oolong teas showed lower contents of polyphenols, caffeine, and amino acids, and a higher content of GABA, in comparison with non-GABA oolong teas. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that the healthy properties of teas, especially GABA teas, have to be evaluated via comprehensive metabolic profiling rather than only the GABA content.
采用非靶向（NMR）和靶向（RP-HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS、RP-HPLC-FD）分析方法，对 19 个不同加工工艺（普通茶和 GABA 茶）、不同发酵程度（绿茶和乌龙茶）和不同采摘季节（秋季和春季）的茶样中的生物活性成分进行了测定。NMR 数据与多元统计方法相结合，建立了一个能够区分 GABA 茶和非 GABA 茶以及绿茶和乌龙茶的统计模型。靶向分析表明，绿茶和 GABA 绿茶的多酚和咖啡因含量相似，但 GABA 绿茶中的 GABA 水平高于普通绿茶样品。与非 GABA 乌龙茶相比，GABA 乌龙茶中的多酚、咖啡因和氨基酸含量较低，而 GABA 含量较高。总之，本研究结果表明，茶的健康特性，尤其是 GABA 茶，需要通过全面的代谢谱分析来评估，而不仅仅是 GABA 含量。
