Department of Plant Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa Street, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
School of Industrial Technology, Mongolian University of Science and Technology, 8nd Khoroo, Baga Toiruu 34, Sukhbaatar District, Ulaanbaatar 14191, Mongolia.
Molecules. 2021 Aug 25;26(17):5158. doi: 10.3390/molecules26175158.
Triterpenoids and steroids are considered to be important for the fruit quality and health-promoting properties for the consumers. The aim of the study was the determination of the changes in triterpenoid and steroid biosynthesis and the accumulation in hypanthium and achenes of rugosa rose ( Thunb.) hip during fruit development and ripening at three different phenological stages (young fruits, fully developed unripe fruits, and matured fruits). Triterpenoids and steroids were also determined in the peel and the pulp of the matured hips. The obtained results indicated that the distribution of the analyzed compounds in different fruit tissues is a selective process. The increased rate of hydroxylation of triterpenoids, the deposition of hydroxylated acids in fruit surface layer, and the continuous biosynthesis of phytosterols in achenes versus its gradual repression in hypanthium accompanied by the accumulation of their biosynthetic intermediates and ketone derivatives seem to be characteristic metabolic features of maturation of rugosa rose accessory fruit. These observations, apart from providing the important data on metabolic modifications occurring in developing fruits, might have a practical application in defining fruit parts, particularly rich in bioactive constituents, to enable the development of novel functional products.
三萜类化合物和甾体化合物被认为对果实品质和消费者的健康促进特性很重要。本研究的目的是在三个不同物候阶段（幼果、完全未成熟的果实和成熟果实）确定在野蔷薇（Thunb.）花托和瘦果中三萜类化合物和甾体化合物生物合成和积累的变化。还测定了成熟花托的果皮和果肉中的三萜类化合物和甾体化合物。研究结果表明，分析化合物在不同果实组织中的分布是一个选择性过程。三萜类化合物羟化速率的增加、羟基酸在果实表面层的沉积以及在瘦果中不断合成植物甾醇，而在花托中逐渐受到抑制，同时伴随着其生物合成中间体和酮衍生物的积累，似乎是野蔷薇附属果实成熟的特征代谢特征。这些观察结果除了提供有关发育中果实发生代谢修饰的重要数据外，还可能在确定富含生物活性成分的果实部分方面具有实际应用价值，从而开发新型功能性产品。
