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蟋蟀的多步化学处理，用于提取壳聚糖以合成聚合物药物载体。

Multistep Chemical Processing of Crickets Leading to the Extraction of Chitosan Used for Synthesis of Polymer Drug Carriers.

作者信息

Głąb Magdalena, Kudłacik-Kramarczyk Sonia, Drabczyk Anna, Guigou Martin Duarte, Sobczak-Kupiec Agnieszka, Mierzwiński Dariusz, Gajda Paweł, Walter Janusz, Tyliszczak Bożena

机构信息

Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, 37 Jana Pawła II Av., 31-864 Krakow, Poland.

Department of Engineering and Technology, Catholic University of Uruguay, Av. 8 de Octubre 2738, Montevideo CP 11600, Uruguay.

出版信息

Materials (Basel). 2021 Sep 4;14(17):5070. doi: 10.3390/ma14175070.

DOI:10.3390/ma14175070
PMID:34501160
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8434013/
Abstract

Chitosan belongs to the group of biopolymers with increasing range of potential applications therefore searching for new raw materials as well as new techniques of obtaining of this polysaccharide are currently a subject of interest of many scientists. Presented manuscript describes preparation of chitosan from crickets. Obtainment of final product required a number of processes aimed at removal of undesirable substances such as waxes, mineral salts, proteins or pigments from above-mentioned insects. Chemical structure of fractions obtained after each step was compared with the structure of commercial chitosan by means of techniques such as X-ray diffraction and FT-IR spectroscopy. Final product was subsequently used for preparation of polymer capsules that were modified with active substance characterized by antibacterial and anticancer activity-nisin. Next, sorption capacity of obtained materials was evaluated as well as a release profile of active substance in different environments. Based on the conducted research it can be concluded that crickets constitute an alternative for shellfish and other conventional sources of chitosan. Furthermore, obtained capsules on the basis of such prepared chitosan can be considered as drug delivery systems which efficiency of release of active substance is bigger in alkaline environments.

摘要

壳聚糖属于生物聚合物类别，其潜在应用范围不断扩大，因此寻找新的原材料以及获取这种多糖的新技术目前是许多科学家感兴趣的课题。所呈现的手稿描述了从蟋蟀中制备壳聚糖的过程。获得最终产品需要一系列旨在从上述昆虫中去除蜡、矿物盐、蛋白质或色素等不良物质的工艺。通过X射线衍射和傅里叶变换红外光谱等技术，将每一步后获得的馏分的化学结构与商业壳聚糖的结构进行了比较。随后，将最终产品用于制备用具有抗菌和抗癌活性的活性物质——乳链菌肽修饰的聚合物胶囊。接下来，评估了所得材料的吸附能力以及活性物质在不同环境中的释放曲线。基于所进行的研究可以得出结论，蟋蟀构成了贝类和其他传统壳聚糖来源的替代品。此外，基于如此制备的壳聚糖获得的胶囊可被视为药物递送系统，其活性物质在碱性环境中的释放效率更高。

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