Institute and Policlinic of Occupational and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
Institute of Sociology, Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Chemnitz University of Technology, Thüringer Weg 9, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Sep 3;18(17):9337. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18179337.
Road-traffic-noise exposition is widespread in Germany and can have harmful health effects. As guidance for informed decision-making, we estimated the environmental burden of disease attributable to road-traffic noise in Hesse, Germany as disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). Using detailed road-traffic-noise exposure data provided by the Hessian Agency for Nature Conservation, Environment, and Geology (HLNUG), we calculated the DALYs due to road-traffic noise > 40 dB(A) L (unweighted average 24 h noise level) and other noise metrics for endpoints with known dose-response functions and evidence in the literature (NORAH-study on disease risks and WHO reviews): cardiovascular disease, depressive disorders, road-traffic annoyance, and sleep disturbance. We calculated the population-attributable fractions (PAF) for road-noise-related cardiovascular disease (hypertensive heart disease, ischemic heart disease, and stroke) and depressive disorders in the population using published relative risk estimates. We multiplied the PAFs with the Hessian proportion of the 2015 WHO DALY estimates for Germany in people aged ≥ 40 years. For high annoyance and high sleep disturbance, we used published dose-response functions to determine the burden for residents of all ages. For Hesse, we found a total of 26,501 DALYs attributable to road-traffic noise or 435 DALY per 100,000 persons for the reference year, 2015. Further, we estimated that a hypothetic uniform road-traffic-noise reduction of 3 dB would prevent 23% of this burden of disease.
德国广泛存在道路交通噪声暴露问题，可能对健康产生有害影响。为了做出明智决策，我们采用经过校正的残疾调整生命年（disability-adjusted life-years，DALYs）来评估德国黑森州道路交通噪声造成的疾病环境负担。我们利用黑森州自然保护、环境和地质局（Hessian Agency for Nature Conservation, Environment, and Geology，HLNUG）提供的详细道路交通噪声暴露数据，计算了道路噪声 > 40 dB(A) L（未加权平均 24 小时噪声水平）和其他噪声指标造成的 DALYs，这些指标与已知剂量-反应函数和文献中的证据相关（疾病风险 NORAH 研究和世界卫生组织审查）：心血管疾病、抑郁障碍、道路交通烦恼和睡眠障碍。我们使用已发表的相对风险估计值，为道路交通相关心血管疾病（高血压性心脏病、缺血性心脏病和中风）和抑郁障碍人群计算了人群归因分数（population-attributable fraction，PAF）。我们将 PAF 与 2015 年德国≥40 岁人群中世界卫生组织 DALY 估计值的黑森州比例相乘。对于高烦恼和高睡眠障碍，我们使用已发表的剂量-反应函数来确定所有年龄段居民的负担。对于黑森州，我们发现 2015 年共有 26501 个 DALYs 归因于道路交通噪声，或每 10 万人中有 435 个 DALY。此外，我们估计假设将道路交通噪声降低 3dB 可以预防 23%的疾病负担。
