The Mærsk McKinney Møller Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Work, Environment and Cancer, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Environ Health Perspect. 2023 Feb;131(2):27001. doi: 10.1289/EHP11248. Epub 2023 Feb 1.
There is a growing body of evidence linking residential exposure to transportation noise with several nonauditory health outcomes. However, auditory outcomes, such as tinnitus, are virtually unexplored.
We aimed to investigate the association between residential transportation noise and risk of incident tinnitus.
We conducted a nationwide cohort study including all residents in Denmark age , of whom 40,692 were diagnosed with tinnitus. We modeled road traffic and railway noise at the most () and least () exposed façades of all Danish addresses from 1990 until 2017. For all participants, we calculated 1-, 5-, and 10-y time-weighted mean noise exposure and retrieved detailed information on individual- and area-level socioeconomic covariates. We conducted analyses using Cox proportional hazards models.
We found positive associations between exposure to road traffic noise and risk of tinnitus, with hazard ratios of 1.06 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04, 1.08] and 1.02 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.03) per 10-dB increase in 10-y and , respectively. Highest risk estimates were found for women, people without a hearing loss, people with high education and income, and people who had never been in a blue-collar job. The association with road followed a positive, monotonic exposure-response relationship. We found no association between railway noise and tinnitus.
To our knowledge, this is the first study to show that residential exposure to road traffic noise may increase risk of tinnitus, suggesting noise may negatively affect the auditory system. If confirmed, this finding adds to the growing evidence of road traffic noise as a harmful pollutant with a substantial health burden. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11248.
越来越多的证据表明，居民接触交通噪声与多种非听觉健康结果有关。然而，听觉结果，如耳鸣，几乎没有被探索过。
我们旨在调查居民交通噪声与耳鸣发病风险之间的关系。
我们进行了一项全国性的队列研究，纳入了丹麦所有年龄在 的居民，其中 40692 人被诊断患有耳鸣。我们模拟了 1990 年至 2017 年所有丹麦地址临街面的道路交通噪声和铁路噪声，在最（ ）和最不（ ）暴露的临街面分别进行建模。对于所有参与者，我们计算了 1 年、5 年和 10 年的时间加权平均噪声暴露，并检索了个体和区域层面社会经济协变量的详细信息。我们使用 Cox 比例风险模型进行分析。
我们发现道路交通噪声暴露与耳鸣风险呈正相关，10 年时间加权平均噪声每增加 10dB，风险比分别为 1.06（95%置信区间：1.04，1.08）和 1.02（95%置信区间：1.01，1.03）。最高的风险估计值出现在女性、没有听力损失的人、受教育程度和收入较高的人以及从未从事蓝领工作的人。与道路噪声的关联呈正相关、单调的暴露-反应关系。我们没有发现铁路噪声与耳鸣之间的关联。
据我们所知，这是第一项表明居民接触道路交通噪声可能会增加耳鸣风险的研究，这表明噪声可能会对听觉系统产生负面影响。如果得到证实，这一发现增加了道路交通噪声作为一种具有大量健康负担的有害污染物的证据。https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11248.
