School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Sep 4;18(17):9342. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18179342.
During the COVID-19 crisis, an apparent growth in vaccine hesitancy has been noticed due to different factors and reasons. Therefore, this scoping review was performed to determine the prevalence of intention to use COVID-19 vaccines among adults aged 18-60, and to identify the demographic, social, and contextual factors that influence the intention to use COVID-19 vaccines.
This scoping review was conducted by using the methodological framework for scoping review outlined by Arksey and O'Malley. A search strategy was carried out on four electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and PsycINFO. All peer-reviewed articles published between November 2019 and December 2020 were reviewed. Data were extracted to identify the prevalence of, and factors that influence, the intention to use COVID-19 vaccines.
A total of 48 relevant articles were identified for inclusion in the review. Outcomes presented fell into seven themes: demographics, social factors, vaccination beliefs and attitudes, vaccine-related perceptions, health-related perceptions, perceived barriers, and vaccine recommendations. Age, gender, education level, race/ethnicity, vaccine safety and effectiveness, influenza vaccination history, and self-protection from COVID-19 were the most prominent factors associated with intention to use COVID-19 vaccines. Furthermore, the majority of studies ( = 34/48) reported a relatively high prevalence of intention to get vaccinated against COVID-19, with a range from 60% to 93%.
This scoping review enables the creation of demographic, social, and contextual constructs associated with intention to vaccinate among the adult population. These factors are likely to play a major role in any targeted vaccination programs, particularly COVID-19 vaccination. Thus, our review suggests focusing on the development of strategies to promote the intention to get vaccinated against COVID-19 and to overcome vaccine hesitancy and refusal. These strategies could include transparent communication, social media engagement, and the initiation of education programs.
在 COVID-19 危机期间，由于不同的因素和原因，人们注意到疫苗犹豫情绪明显增加。因此，进行了这项范围综述，以确定 18-60 岁成年人对 COVID-19 疫苗的使用意向，并确定影响 COVID-19 疫苗使用意向的人口统计学、社会和背景因素。
本范围综述采用 Arksey 和 O'Malley 概述的范围综述方法框架进行。在四个电子数据库：PubMed、Scopus、CINAHL 和 PsycINFO 上进行了搜索策略。综述了 2019 年 11 月至 2020 年 12 月期间发表的所有同行评审文章。提取数据以确定使用 COVID-19 疫苗的意向的流行率和影响因素。
共确定了 48 篇相关文章纳入综述。呈现的结果分为七个主题：人口统计学、社会因素、疫苗接种信念和态度、疫苗相关认知、与健康相关的认知、感知障碍和疫苗建议。年龄、性别、教育水平、种族/民族、疫苗安全性和有效性、流感疫苗接种史以及自我保护免受 COVID-19 的影响是与使用 COVID-19 疫苗意向最相关的最重要因素。此外，大多数研究（= 34/48）报告了相当高的 COVID-19 疫苗接种意向率，范围从 60%到 93%。
这项范围综述使我们能够创建与成年人群体疫苗接种意向相关的人口统计学、社会和背景结构。这些因素可能在任何有针对性的疫苗接种计划中发挥重要作用，特别是 COVID-19 疫苗接种。因此，我们的综述建议专注于制定策略来促进对 COVID-19 的接种意向，并克服疫苗犹豫和拒绝。这些策略可以包括透明沟通、社交媒体参与和启动教育计划。
