Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Sep 2;22(17):9535. doi: 10.3390/ijms22179535.
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent crucial transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene regulators during antimicrobial responses in the host innate immune system. Studies have shown that lncRNAs are expressed in a highly tissue- and cell-specific- manner and are involved in the differentiation and function of innate immune cells, as well as inflammatory and antiviral processes, through versatile molecular mechanisms. These lncRNAs function via the interactions with DNA, RNA, or protein in either cis or trans pattern, relying on their specific sequences or their transcriptions and processing. The dysregulation of lncRNA function is associated with various human non-infectious diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes mellitus. Here, we provide an overview of the regulation and mechanisms of lncRNA function in the development and differentiation of innate immune cells, and during the activation or repression of innate immune responses. These elucidations might be beneficial for the development of therapeutic strategies targeting inflammatory and innate immune-mediated diseases.
长非编码 RNA（lncRNA）在宿主固有免疫系统的抗微生物反应中是至关重要的转录和转录后基因调控因子。研究表明，lncRNA 以高度组织和细胞特异性的方式表达，通过多种分子机制参与固有免疫细胞的分化和功能，以及炎症和抗病毒过程。这些 lncRNA 通过与 DNA、RNA 或蛋白质的顺式或反式相互作用发挥功能，依赖于其特定序列或转录和加工。lncRNA 功能的失调与各种人类非传染性疾病有关，如炎症性肠病、心血管疾病和糖尿病。在这里，我们提供了 lncRNA 在固有免疫细胞的发育和分化以及固有免疫反应的激活或抑制过程中的功能调控和机制的概述。这些阐明可能有助于针对炎症和固有免疫介导的疾病的治疗策略的发展。
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