Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, 85 Satholamark Rd., Warin Chamrap, Ubon Ratchathani34190, Thailand.
Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Rd., Bangkoknoi, Bangkok10700, Thailand.
Br J Nutr. 2022 Aug 14;128(3):424-432. doi: 10.1017/S0007114521003494. Epub 2021 Sep 10.
Postprandial glycaemia is a key determinant of overall glycaemic control. One mechanism by which dietary strategies can reduce postprandial glycaemic excursions is by slowing gastric emptying. This study aimed to evaluate the acute effect of ingesting riceberry rice (RR) compared with that of ingesting white rice (WR) on gastric emptying rate (GER), plasma glucose and glucose-regulating hormones, including insulin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), in healthy subjects. A randomised, open-label, within-subject, crossover study was performed in six healthy men. GER was measured by scintigraphy over 240 min, and plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin, GLP-1 and GIP were measured at multiple time points over 180 min. This study revealed that RR slows GER with a reduction in postprandial plasma glucose concentrations compared with WR. Plasma insulin and GLP-1 concentrations did not differ between RR and WR. However, plasma GIP concentrations were markedly increased after WR ingesting . after RR ingestion. We conclude that RR attenuates postprandial glycaemia by slowing GER without altering plasma insulin or GLP-1. Plasma GIP concentrations are likely related to differences in GER and carbohydrate absorption. We propose that dietary fibre-enriched foods, including RR, could contribute to improvement in postprandial glycaemia via delayed gastric emptying.
餐后血糖是整体血糖控制的关键决定因素。饮食策略可以通过减缓胃排空来降低餐后血糖波动，这是一种机制。本研究旨在评估相比白米（WR），食用糙糯米（RR）对健康受试者的胃排空率（GER）、血糖和血糖调节激素（包括胰岛素、葡萄糖依赖性胰岛素释放肽（GIP）和胰高血糖素样肽 1（GLP-1））的急性影响。在 6 名健康男性中进行了一项随机、开放标签、自身交叉研究。通过闪烁扫描法在 240 分钟内测量 GER，在 180 分钟的多个时间点测量血糖、胰岛素、GLP-1 和 GIP 的血浆浓度。本研究表明，RR 通过降低餐后血糖浓度来减缓 GER，与 WR 相比。RR 和 WR 之间的血浆胰岛素和 GLP-1 浓度没有差异。然而，WR 摄入后，血浆 GIP 浓度明显升高。我们得出结论，RR 通过减缓 GER 来减轻餐后血糖，而不改变血浆胰岛素或 GLP-1。血浆 GIP 浓度可能与 GER 和碳水化合物吸收的差异有关。我们提出，富含膳食纤维的食物，包括 RR，可能通过延迟胃排空来改善餐后血糖。
