McGuire W L, Horwitz K B, Zava D T, Garola R E, Chamness G C
Metabolism. 1978 Apr;27(4):487-501. doi: 10.1016/0026-0495(78)90103-8.
The role of cytoplasmic estrogen receptor (ER) assays in determining therapeutic strategies for advanced breast cancer is certainly well established. The use of ER assays in the primary breast tumor specimen to predict for early recurrence and ultimate survival is a new finding, however, and will probably be employed in future trials of adjuvant therapy. The prevalence and significance of nuclear-bound ER still requires additional clarification. Our previous suggestion that progesterone receptor measurements might be a useful marker for hormone dependence in advanced breast cancer is gaining support and may soon have a place in routine therapeutic decision-making. The emphasis on early adjuvant therapy has hastened the search for a safe endocrine therapy that would have good patient compliance and achieve remission rates comparable to previous agents and procedures. Antiestrogens show promise of meeting these requirements. We are now beginning an era in which primary and secondary systemic therapies for breast cancer can be based on sound biologic principles. The empirical approach is outdated.
细胞质雌激素受体（ER）检测在确定晚期乳腺癌治疗策略中的作用已得到充分确立。然而，在原发性乳腺肿瘤标本中使用ER检测来预测早期复发和最终生存率是一项新发现，可能会在未来的辅助治疗试验中得到应用。核结合型ER的发生率和意义仍需进一步阐明。我们之前提出的孕酮受体测量可能是晚期乳腺癌激素依赖性有用标志物的建议正在获得支持，可能很快会在常规治疗决策中占有一席之地。对早期辅助治疗的重视加速了寻找一种安全的内分泌治疗方法的进程，这种方法要有良好的患者依从性，并能达到与以往药物和程序相当的缓解率。抗雌激素有望满足这些要求。我们现在正开始一个时代，乳腺癌的原发性和继发性全身治疗都可以基于合理的生物学原理。经验性方法已经过时。
