Brown Molly E, Grace Kathryn, Billing Trey, Backer David
Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD, USA.
Department of Geography, Environment, and Society, and Minnesota Population Center, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, MN, USA.
Lancet Planet Health. 2021 Sep;5(9):e654-e658. doi: 10.1016/S2542-5196(21)00197-2.
Despite early warning signs about threats to food security, humanitarian interventions often lag behind these warning signs. Climate and conflict conditions are among the most important factors preceding food system failures and malnutrition crises around the world. Research shows how conflict and climate conditions can upend functional food and economic systems, but this research does not address the severe health impacts of these conditions on infants and young children. Translating quantitative research findings into humanitarian interventions requires geographical detail, resulting in location-specific alerts of risks of food insecurity. We describe how the use of readily available, spatially referenced quantitative data can support targeted interventions for nutrition resiliency. Effective humanitarian programmes for targeted nutrition interventions require real-time datasets on food security drivers and models that can provide actionable guidance to mitigate negative impacts of conflict and climate conditions on the people most susceptible to food insecurity. Although treatment of acute malnutrition is important, treating existing malnutrition is not enough. Instead, action to prevent acute malnutrition should be taken to minimise suffering and to maximise wellbeing, particularly in contexts prone to worsening climate and conflict conditions.
尽管早有关于粮食安全威胁的预警信号，但人道主义干预措施往往滞后于这些预警信号。气候和冲突状况是全球粮食系统失灵和营养不良危机出现之前的最重要因素之一。研究表明冲突和气候状况如何颠覆正常运转的粮食和经济系统，但这项研究并未涉及这些状况对婴幼儿的严重健康影响。将定量研究结果转化为人道主义干预措施需要详细的地理信息，从而生成针对特定地点的粮食不安全风险警报。我们阐述了如何利用现成的、具有空间参考价值的定量数据来支持针对营养恢复力的定向干预措施。有效的针对特定营养干预的人道主义项目需要关于粮食安全驱动因素的实时数据集以及能够提供可操作指导以减轻冲突和气候状况对最易遭受粮食不安全影响人群的负面影响的模型。虽然治疗急性营养不良很重要，但仅治疗现有的营养不良是不够的。相反，应采取行动预防急性营养不良，以尽量减少痛苦并最大化福祉，特别是在气候和冲突状况容易恶化的情况下。
