日常生活活动能力受损的老年人的生活满意度。
Life satisfaction among older adults with impairment in activities of daily living.
机构信息
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Division of Geriatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
出版信息
Age Ageing. 2021 Nov 10;50(6):2047-2054. doi: 10.1093/ageing/afab172.
BACKGROUND
Many older adults experience decline in function, but maintain high levels of life satisfaction. The factors associated with high life satisfaction among those with functional impairment are not well understood.
OBJECTIVE
Examine the proportion of older adults with functional impairment reporting high life satisfaction and the predictors of high life satisfaction.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional cohort study.
SETTING
Health and Retirement Study.
SUBJECTS
A total of 7,287 community-dwelling participants, 65 years or older, who completed the leave-behind questionnaire in 2014 or 2016.
METHODS
The main predictor was having difficulty or needing help in performing Activities of Daily Living (ADL). The primary outcome was reporting high life satisfaction, defined using a three-item Diener scale. Significant factors were identified using modified Poisson regression models adjusted for demographic characteristics.
RESULTS
Those with no ADL impairment were more likely to report high levels of life satisfaction than those with ADL difficulty or ADL dependence (54.4 vs 38.6 vs 27.6%, P < 0.001). Among those with ADL dependence, we identified several factors associated with high life satisfaction, including: not being lonely (38.2 vs 23.2%, ARR = 1.6 (1.2, 2.2)), satisfied with family life (35.1 vs 12.8%, ARR = 2.7 (1.6, 4.4)), and satisfied with financial situation (40.8 vs 16.6%, ARR = 2.5 (1.8, 3.6)). Similar associations were present among those with ADL difficulty.
CONCLUSIONS
A substantial proportion of older adults with ADL impairment report high life satisfaction, and it is associated with social and economic well-being. Understanding the factors associated with high life satisfaction can lead to clinical practices and policy guidelines that promote life satisfaction in older adults.
背景
许多老年人的身体机能会衰退，但他们的生活满意度仍保持在较高水平。对于那些身体机能受损的老年人来说，哪些因素与他们的高生活满意度相关还不是很清楚。
目的
研究身体机能受损但生活满意度较高的老年人比例以及影响他们生活满意度的因素。
设计
横断面队列研究。
地点
健康与退休研究。
对象
2014 年或 2016 年完成留置问卷的共 7287 名社区居住的 65 岁及以上老年人。
方法
主要预测因素是在进行日常生活活动（ADL）时存在困难或需要帮助。主要结局是报告生活满意度高，采用迪纳三项目量表进行定义。使用经过人口统计学特征调整的改良泊松回归模型确定显著因素。
结果
无 ADL 障碍的老年人比有 ADL 困难或 ADL 依赖的老年人更有可能报告生活满意度高（54.4%比 38.6%比 27.6%，P<0.001）。在 ADL 依赖的老年人中，我们确定了几个与高生活满意度相关的因素，包括：不孤独（38.2%比 23.2%，ARR=1.6（1.2，2.2））、对家庭生活满意（35.1%比 12.8%，ARR=2.7（1.6，4.4））和对财务状况满意（40.8%比 16.6%，ARR=2.5（1.8，3.6））。在有 ADL 困难的老年人中也存在类似的关联。
结论
相当一部分身体机能受损的老年人报告生活满意度高，这与社会和经济福祉有关。了解与高生活满意度相关的因素可以为促进老年人生活满意度的临床实践和政策指南提供依据。
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