Li Na, Peng Jin, Li Yi
Department of Sociology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Front Psychol. 2021 Aug 26;12:709851. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.709851. eCollection 2021.
Social, emotional, and behavioral problems in childhood are key predictors of persistent problem behaviors throughout the life courses of individuals. Early parental intervention training, as an important preventive measure, plays a critical role in improving the social, emotional, and behavioral (SEB) development of children. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to analyze the intervention effects of the latest literature on Triple P (Positive Parenting Program), which is a multilevel system that provides treatment and prevention for children at risk of social, emotional, and behavioral problems parenting approaches to enhance the parenting knowledge, skills, and confidence of parents. Since the literature on Triple P from 1970 to 2012 has already been systematically reviewed, this study searched the literature from 2013 to 2020 from the Web of Science, EBSCO, ERIC, MEDLINE, CNKI, and Triple P Evidence-Base website using multiple search strategies. This study differs from the existing research by its inclusion criteria of studies that use experimental designs or quasi-experimental designs. A total of 37 studies were included in the final analysis, and STATA 16.0 was used for evaluation while RevMan 5.3 for risk of bias assessment. The results show that Triple P can promote the social competence of children ( = 0.274) and prevent their emotional ( = -0.254) and behavioral problems ( = -1.38) to a certain extent. Simultaneously, the proximal effects on parents mainly included changing negative parenting styles ( = -0.46), reducing parenting conflicts ( = -0.311), and improving parenting efficacy and self-confidence ( = 0.419). The distal effects on parents included reducing the psychological adjustment problems of parents ( = -0.265), improving parent-child relationships, and reducing parent-child conflict ( = -0.714). However, the meta-analysis results did not show a significant effect of Triple P on improving the marital relationship quality and satisfaction of parents ( = 0.063). Components of the program intervention, including intervention level, service delivery format, service method, and program implementation setting, and the age of the children were crucial moderating factors on the outcomes of Triple P. This study systematically reviewed the latest Triple P intervention literature and found the significant effectiveness of Triple P on the SEB problems of children and parenting outcomes and the moderators of the effect size.
儿童期的社会、情感和行为问题是个体一生中持续性问题行为的关键预测因素。早期父母干预训练作为一项重要的预防措施，在改善儿童的社会、情感和行为（SEB）发展方面发挥着关键作用。我们进行了一项系统综述和荟萃分析，以分析最新文献中关于三倍P（积极育儿计划）的干预效果，该计划是一个多层次系统，为有社会、情感和行为问题风险的儿童提供治疗和预防 育儿方法，以提高父母的育儿知识、技能和信心。由于1970年至2012年关于三倍P的文献已经得到系统综述，本研究使用多种检索策略从科学网、EBSCO、教育资源信息中心、医学期刊数据库、中国知网和三倍P循证网站检索了2013年至2020年的文献。本研究与现有研究的不同之处在于其纳入使用实验设计或准实验设计的研究的纳入标准。最终分析共纳入37项研究，使用STATA 16.0进行评估，使用RevMan 5.3进行偏倚风险评估。结果表明，三倍P可以在一定程度上促进儿童的社会能力（=0.274），预防其情感（=-0.254）和行为问题（=-1.38）。同时，对父母的近期影响主要包括改变消极育儿方式（=-0.46）、减少育儿冲突（=-0.311）以及提高育儿效能感和自信心（=0.419）。对父母的远期影响包括减少父母的心理调适问题（=-0.265）、改善亲子关系以及减少亲子冲突（=-0.714）。然而，荟萃分析结果并未显示三倍P对改善父母的婚姻关系质量和满意度有显著效果（=0.063）。该计划干预的组成部分，包括干预水平、服务提供形式、服务方法和计划实施环境，以及儿童的年龄，是三倍P结果的关键调节因素。本研究系统综述了最新的三倍P干预文献，发现三倍P对儿童的SEB问题和育儿结果具有显著有效性以及效应大小的调节因素。
