Zhu Daxue, Zhou Wupin, Wang Zhen, Wang Yidian, Liu Mingqiang, Zhang Guangzhi, Guo Xudong, Kang Xuewen
Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.
Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2021 Aug 27;8:694800. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.694800. eCollection 2021.
Periostin, an extracellular matrix protein, is widely expressed in a variety of tissues and cells. It has many biological functions and is related to many diseases: for example, it promotes cell proliferation and differentiation in osteoblasts, which are closely related to osteoporosis, and mediates cell senescence and apoptosis in chondrocytes, which are involved in osteoarthritis. Furthermore, it also plays an important role in mediating inflammation and reconstruction during bronchial asthma, as well as in promoting bone development, reconstruction, repair, and strength. Therefore, periostin has been explored as a potential biomarker for various diseases. Recently, periostin has also been found to be expressed in intervertebral disc cells as a component of the intervertebral extracellular matrix, and to play a crucial role in the maintenance and degeneration of intervertebral discs. This article reviews the biological role of periostin in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, chondrocytes, and annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus cells, which are closely related to spinal degenerative diseases. The study of its pathophysiological effects is of great significance for the diagnosis and treatment of spinal degeneration, although additional studies are needed.
骨膜蛋白是一种细胞外基质蛋白，在多种组织和细胞中广泛表达。它具有多种生物学功能，与许多疾病相关：例如，它促进成骨细胞的细胞增殖和分化，而成骨细胞与骨质疏松症密切相关；它介导软骨细胞的细胞衰老和凋亡，而软骨细胞参与骨关节炎。此外，它在介导支气管哮喘的炎症和重建过程中也发挥着重要作用，同时在促进骨骼发育、重建、修复和强化方面也有作用。因此，骨膜蛋白已被探索作为各种疾病的潜在生物标志物。最近，还发现骨膜蛋白作为椎间盘细胞外基质的一个组成部分在椎间盘细胞中表达，并在椎间盘的维持和退变中起关键作用。本文综述了骨膜蛋白在与脊柱退行性疾病密切相关的骨髓间充质干细胞、成骨细胞、破骨细胞、软骨细胞以及纤维环和髓核细胞中的生物学作用。尽管还需要更多研究，但其病理生理效应的研究对于脊柱退变的诊断和治疗具有重要意义。
