Complife Srl, San Martino Siccomario, Pavia, Italy.
Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Cosenza, Italy.
Neuropsychobiology. 2022;81(2):116-126. doi: 10.1159/000518385. Epub 2021 Aug 30.
The gut-brain axis refers to the network of connections that involve multiple biologic systems, allowing bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain. This communication is mainly mediated by gut microbiota, thanks to its ability to modulate several processes like the production of neurotransmitters. As such, keeping a balanced gut microbiota through probiotic intake could be a valid solution in supporting the right gut-brain communications.
A two-step in vitro screening of five different probiotic strains was carried out to select the best performers in the modulation of stress markers. A first selection on SK-N-DZ neuronal cell lines was performed to evaluate the inhibition of the epigenetic enzyme LSD1, promotion of GABA, and expression of serotonin. Three out of five strains were tested for their ability to promote serotonin synthesis in the Caco2 cell line. As a result, Limosilactobacillus reuteri PBS072 and Bifidobacterium breve BB077 were selected as the best performing strains. To confirm their effects in humans, a proof-of-concept trial was carried out to evaluate stress-related parameters for 28 days of product intake in a group of 30 stressed students.
A significant improvement of cognitive functions, in terms of short-term memory, attention, and executive performance, as well as of psychophysiological markers, such as salivary cortisol level, skin conductance, sleep quality, and anxiety, were observed.
According to the results, L. reuteri PBS072 and B. breve BB077 are potential probiotic candidates for improving stress resilience, cognitive functions, and sleep quality.
肠道-大脑轴是指涉及多个生物系统的连接网络，允许肠道和大脑之间进行双向通讯。这种通讯主要是通过肠道菌群来调节的，因为它能够调节许多过程，如神经递质的产生。因此，通过摄入益生菌来保持平衡的肠道菌群可能是支持正确的肠道-大脑通讯的有效方法。
对五种不同的益生菌菌株进行了两步体外筛选，以选择在调节应激标志物方面表现最佳的菌株。首先在 SK-N-DZ 神经元细胞系上进行选择，以评估抑制表观遗传酶 LSD1、促进 GABA 和表达血清素的能力。在五种菌株中有三种被测试其在 Caco2 细胞系中促进血清素合成的能力。结果，Limosilactobacillus reuteri PBS072 和 Bifidobacterium breve BB077 被选为表现最好的菌株。为了在人体中证实它们的效果，进行了一项概念验证试验，以评估 30 名有压力的学生在产品摄入 28 天期间的应激相关参数。
观察到认知功能的显著改善，包括短期记忆、注意力和执行性能，以及心理生理标志物，如唾液皮质醇水平、皮肤电导率、睡眠质量和焦虑。
根据结果，L. reuteri PBS072 和 B. breve BB077 是改善应激反应能力、认知功能和睡眠质量的潜在益生菌候选物。
